ReviewCNS drugs2008
Pathological laughing and crying : epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment.
Review in CNS drugs, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dextromethorphan Beyond the Cough: Exploring Its Psychedelic Potential: A Systematic Review.CNS drugs · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of dextromethorphan/quinidine in treating pseudobulbar affect in neurological disorders: A systematic review and dose-classified network meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Pharmacotherapy for the Pseudobulbar Affect in Individuals Who Have Sustained a Traumatic Brain Injury: a Systematic Review.Neuropsychology review · 2020Pooled it
- PRISM II: an open-label study to assess effectiveness of dextromethorphan/quinidine for pseudobulbar affect in patients with dementia, stroke or traumatic brain injury.BMC neurology · 2016Trial
- An open-label multicenter study to assess the safety of dextromethorphan/quinidine in patients with pseudobulbar affect associated with a range of underlying neurological conditions.Current medical research and opinion · 2014Trial
- A study of potential pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between dextromethorphan/quinidine and memantine in healthy volunteers.Clinical drug investigation · 2012Trial
- Randomized open-label drug-drug interaction trial of dextromethorphan/quinidine and paroxetine in healthy volunteers.Clinical drug investigation · 2012Trial
- A Case Report of High-Dose Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Induced Excessive Laughing in a 6-Year-Old Boy With Autism Spectrum Disorder.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Neurotransmitters' white matter mapping unveils the neurochemical fingerprints of stroke.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Brain metabolic changes associated with post-stroke pathological laughing and crying: anFrontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Post-stroke emotionalism: Diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2024Review
- Suspected Pseudobulbar Affect in Neurodegenerative Disease.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2024Article
- Irresistible Laughter-A Rare Presentation of Intracranial Tumor: Irony of Neurocircuitry.Asian journal of neurosurgery · 2024Article
- Emotional dyscontrol in multiple sclerosis: an opinion article.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Article
- Emotional experience elicited by direct electrical stimulation: Case series and literature review.Epilepsia open · 2023Review
- The naturalistic approach to laughter in humans and other animals: towards a unified theory.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Review
- Current and Potential Pharmacologic Therapies for Traumatic Brain Injury.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Article
- Article
- The neurobiology of human crying.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pathological laughing and crying (PLC) is characterized by frequent, brief, intense paroxysms of uncontrollable crying and/or laughing due to a neurological disorder. When sufficiently frequent and severe, PLC may interfere with the performance of activities of daily living, interpersonal functioning, or both, and is a source of distress for affected patients and their families. PLC is also often misunderstood by patients and their families, and is under-recognized by the clinicians caring for patients with this disorder. However, this syndrome is easily recognized when understood properly and is highly responsive to treatment with a variety of pharmacological agents. This review aims to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of patients with PLC, and begins by providing definitions of mood and affect that will help clinicians distinguish between mood disorders, such as major depression and mania, and disorders of affect, such as PLC. In addition, the various terms used to describe this syndrome are reviewed and a recommendation for the use of the term PLC is made. The core clinical features of PLC are also presented and the epidemiology of this syndrome is reviewed. A discussion of the pathophysiology of PLC, including the neuroanatomic and neurochemical bases, is provided. Finally, the evaluation and treatment of patients with PLC is described. Based on the pathophysiology of PLC and on a detailed review of published treatment studies, SSRIs are recommended as first-line pharmacotherapy for this disorder. When SSRIs are ineffective or poorly tolerated, other treatment options, including TCAs, noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors, novel antidepressants, dopaminergic agents and uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists may be useful second-line treatments.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.