ArticleCanadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada2007
Interleukin-2 in the treatment of unresectable or metastatic renal cell cancer: a systematic review and practice guideline.
Article in Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada, 2007. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Safety of low-dose subcutaneous recombinant interleukin-2: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Scientific reports · 2019Pooled it
- Comprehensive analysis of α2,3-sialyltransferases as prognostic biomarkers and immunotherapy targets in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- Radiolabelling anReaction chemistry & engineering · 2021Article
- Adverse Events in Cancer Immunotherapy.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2017Review
- Immunotherapy of advanced renal cell carcinoma: Current and future therapies.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Review
- Effects of obesity on immune responses to renal tumors.Immunologic research · 2014Review
- Isolated gastric metastasis from renal cell carcinoma 19 years after radical nephrectomy.International journal of clinical oncology · 2010Article
- Role of cytokine therapy for renal cell carcinoma in the era of targeted agents.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2009Article
- Spaceflight effects on T lymphocyte distribution, function and gene expression.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2009Article
- Current status of cytokine therapy in management of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2007Article
- Interleukin-2 in the treatment of unresectable or metastatic renal cell cancer: Time to write the obituary?Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2007Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveWe performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the efficacy of interleukin-2 (IL-2) for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
methodsWe searched the literature to identify RCTs or meta-analyses of RCTs comparing treatment regimens with IL-2 to those without. Outcomes of interest included overall or progression-free survival, response rate, toxicity and quality of life.
resultsWe identified 36 RCTs, and 6 met the eligibility criteria (1098 patients). We studied IL-2 alone and in combination with other agents, including interferon-alpha (IFN-a), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and 13-cis-retinoic acid or tamoxifen. No trials comparing high-dose IL-2 to non-IL-2 regimens were identified. A meta-analysis of 1-year mortality data from the 6 trials did not show a difference between IL-2-based regimens and non-IL-2 controls. Two of the 6 trials detected statistically significant longer survival with IL-2 combined with IFN-a and 5-FU. Of the 4 trials that assessed progression-free survival, 3 reported significantly longer progression-free intervals with IL-2-based regimens. Five trials reported response rates; pooling the rates from these trials gave an overall weighted response rate of 13.3% (range 9%-39%) and 5.3% (range 0%-20%) for IL-2-containing regimens and non-IL-2 regimens, respectively. IL-2-based regimens were more toxic than were non-IL-2 controls; the most frequently reported grade 3-4 toxicities were hypotension (range 6%-68%), fever (2%-56%), nausea or vomiting or both (6%-34%), diarrhea (1%-28%) and cardiac toxicity (11%-25%). None of the trials reported health-related quality-of-life data.
conclusionNon-high-dose IL-2 containing regimens do not provide superior treatment efficacy over non-IL-2-based regimens, with added toxicity, and therefore should not be used as standard treatment for patients with unresectable or metastatic RCC. High-dose IL-2 should only be used by experienced physicians in the context of a clinical trial or investigative setting.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
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