ArticleBMC evolutionary biology2008
Comparative genomics of Lbx loci reveals conservation of identical Lbx ohnologs in bony vertebrates.
Article in BMC evolutionary biology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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23 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Evolution of lbx spinal cord expression and function.Evolution & development · 2021Article
- Novel developmental bases for the evolution of hypobranchial muscles in vertebrates.BMC biology · 2020Article
- Prominins control ciliary length throughout the animal kingdom: New lessons from human prominin-1 and zebrafish prominin-3.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
- Primary myogenesis in the sand lizard (Lacerta agilis) limb bud.Development genes and evolution · 2019Article
- Anterior trunk muscle shows mix of axial and appendicular developmental patterns.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2019Article
- Blocked O-GlcNAc cycling disrupts mouse hematopoeitic stem cell maintenance and early T cell development.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Unravelling paralogous gene expression dynamics during three-spined stickleback embryogenesis.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Double maternal-effect: duplicated nucleoplasmin 2 genes, npm2a and npm2b, with essential but distinct functions are shared by fish and tetrapods.BMC evolutionary biology · 2018Article
- Inference of the ancestral vertebrate phenotype through vestiges of the whole-genome duplications.Briefings in functional genomics · 2018Review
- S6 Kinase- and β-TrCP2-Dependent Degradation of p19Arf Is Required for Cell Proliferation.Molecular and cellular biology · 2015Article
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- miR-196 regulates axial patterning and pectoral appendage initiation.Developmental biology · 2011Article
- Molecular characterization and expression patterns of Lbx1 in porcine skeletal muscle.Molecular biology reports · 2011Article
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- O-GlcNAc cycling: emerging roles in development and epigenetics.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2010Review
- Evolution of developmental regulation in the vertebrate FgfD subfamily.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2010Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLbx/ladybird genes originated as part of the metazoan cluster of Nk homeobox genes. In all animals investigated so far, both the protostome genes and the vertebrate Lbx1 genes were found to play crucial roles in neural and muscle development. Recently however, additional Lbx genes with divergent expression patterns were discovered in amniotes. Early in the evolution of vertebrates, two rounds of whole genome duplication are thought to have occurred, during which 4 Lbx genes were generated. Which of these genes were maintained in extant vertebrates, and how these genes and their functions evolved, is not known.
resultsHere we searched vertebrate genomes for Lbx genes and discovered novel members of this gene family. We also identified signature genes linked to particular Lbx loci and traced the remnants of 4 Lbx paralogons (two of which retain Lbx genes) in amniotes. In teleosts, that have undergone an additional genome duplication, 8 Lbx paralogons (three of which retain Lbx genes) were found. Phylogenetic analyses of Lbx and Lbx-associated genes show that in extant, bony vertebrates only Lbx1- and Lbx2-type genes are maintained. Of these, some Lbx2 sequences evolved faster and were probably subject to neofunctionalisation, while Lbx1 genes may have retained more features of the ancestral Lbx gene. Genes at Lbx1 and former Lbx4 loci are more closely related, as are genes at Lbx2 and former Lbx3 loci. This suggests that during the second vertebrate genome duplication, Lbx1/4 and Lbx2/3 paralogons were generated from the duplicated Lbx loci created during the first duplication event.
conclusionOur study establishes for the first time the evolutionary history of Lbx genes in bony vertebrates, including the order of gene duplication events, gene loss and phylogenetic relationships. Moreover, we identified genetic hallmarks for each of the Lbx paralogons that can be used to trace Lbx genes as other vertebrate genomes become available. Significantly, we show that bony vertebrates only retained copies of Lbx1 and Lbx2 genes, with some Lbx2 genes being highly divergent. Thus, we have established a base on which the evolution of Lbx gene function in vertebrate development can be evaluated.
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