Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18539596›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2008

Morphine induces ubiquitin-proteasome activity and glutamate transporter degradation.

Liling Yang, Shuxing Wang, Backil Sung, Grewo Lim, Jianren Mao

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Epigenetic mechanisms of HIV and opioid-induced neuropathology: Potential therapies and interventions.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Review
  2. PTEN: a new dawn in Parkinson's disease treatment.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
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  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Role of the Ubiquitin System in Chronic Pain.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2021
    Review
  12. Identification of Anti-Frontiers in microbiology · 2020
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Liling YangMGH Center for Translational Pain Research, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Parkman Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Shuxing Wang
Backil Sung
Grewo Lim
Jianren Mao
Massachusetts General Hospital · USHarvard University · US

Funding

NEURAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF HYPERALGESIAR01DA008835 · NIDA · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI MAO, JIANREN · 1995 to 2005
$1.8M
Glutamate Uptake &the Pathogenesis of Neuropathic PainR01NS045681 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI MAO, JIANREN · 2004 to 2007
$1.4M
Neuropathic Pain Modulation by CannabinoidsR01NS042661 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI MAO, JIANREN · 2003 to 2006
$1.3M
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA 08835NINDS NIH HHS NS 42661NINDS NIH HHS NS 45681
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glutamate transporters play a crucial role in physiological glutamate homeostasis, neurotoxicity, and glutamatergic regulation of opioid tolerance. However, how the glutamate transporter turnover is regulated remains poorly understood. Here we show that chronic morphine exposure induced posttranscriptional down-regulation of the glutamate transporter EAAC1 in C6 glioma cells with a concurrent decrease in glutamate uptake and increase in proteasome activity, which were blocked by the selective proteasome inhibitor MG-132 or lactacystin but not the lysosomal inhibitor chloroquin. At the cellular level, chronic morphine induced the PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome Ten)-mediated up-regulation of the ubiquitin E3 ligase Nedd4 via cAMP/protein kinase A signaling, leading to EAAC1 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Either Nedd4 or PTEN knockdown with small interfering RNA prevented the morphine-induced EAAC1 degradation and decreased glutamate uptake. These data indicate that cAMP/protein kinase A signaling serves as an intracellular regulator upstream to the activation of the PTEN/Nedd4-mediated ubiquitin-proteasome system activity that is critical for glutamate transporter turnover. Under an in vivo condition, chronic morphine exposure also induced posttranscriptional down-regulation of the glutamate transporter EAAC1, which was prevented by MG-132, and transcriptional up-regulation of PTEN and Nedd4 within the spinal cord dorsal horn. Thus, inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated glutamate transporter degradation may be an important mechanism for preventing glutamate overexcitation and may offer a new strategy for treating certain neurological disorders and improving opioid therapy in chronic pain management.

Indexed as

AcetylcysteineAmino Acid Transport System X-AGAnalgesics, OpioidAnimalsChloroquineExcitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3HumansLeupeptinsMaleMorphineProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyUbiquitinAcetylcysteineAmino Acid Transport System X-AGAnalgesics, OpioidATP dependent 26S proteasebenzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehydeChloroquineExcitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3lactacystinLeupeptinsMorphineProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexSLC1A1 protein, humanUbiquitin

Identifiers

PMID18539596
PMCPMC2490772
OpenAlexW2009139399

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.