ArticleNature medicine2008
Nonhuman primate models and the failure of the Merck HIV-1 vaccine in humans.
Article in Nature medicine, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 138 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
138 citing papers in PubMed, 297 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Risk behaviour and time as covariates for efficacy of the HIV vaccine regimen ALVAC-HIV (vCP1521) and AIDSVAX B/E: a post-hoc analysis of the Thai phase 3 efficacy trial RV 144.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2012Trial
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- Safety and reactogenicity of canarypox ALVAC-HIV (vCP1521) and HIV-1 gp120 AIDSVAX B/E vaccination in an efficacy trial in Thailand.PloS one · 2011Trial
- Trial
- A phase 1/2 study of a multiclade HIV-1 DNA plasmid prime and recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 boost vaccine in HIV-Uninfected East Africans (RV 172).The Journal of infectious diseases · 2010Trial
- Trial
- Phase 2 gene therapy trial of an anti-HIV ribozyme in autologous CD34+ cells.Nature medicine · 2009Trial
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- Innovative micro physiological systems for vaccine development.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Development of an in vitro method to assess the immunogenicity of biologics in the prevention of infectious diseases.Immunologic research · 2025Article
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- Organoids in virology.Npj viruses · 2024Review
- Development trends of human organoid-based COVID-19 research based on bibliometric analysis.Cell proliferation · 2023Review
- In vitro high-content tissue models to address precision medicine challenges.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2023Review
- HIV-1 subtype C Nef-mediated SERINC5 down-regulation significantly contributes to overall Nef activity.Retrovirology · 2023Article
- Article
- Molecular insights into antibody-mediated protection against the prototypic simian immunodeficiency virus.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Human Organoids and Organs-on-Chips for Addressing COVID-19 Challenges.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Review
- Review
78 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The adenovirus type 5 (Ad5)-based vaccine developed by Merck failed to either prevent HIV-1 infection or suppress viral load in subsequently infected subjects in the STEP human Phase 2b efficacy trial. Analogous vaccines had previously also failed in the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) challenge-rhesus macaque model. In contrast, vaccine protection studies that used challenge with a chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV89.6P) in macaques did not predict the human trial results. Ad5 vector-based vaccines did not protect macaques from infection after SHIV89.6P challenge but did cause a substantial reduction in viral load and a preservation of CD4+ T cell counts after infection, findings that were not reproduced in the human trials. Although the SIV challenge model is incompletely validated, we propose that its expanded use can help facilitate the prioritization of candidate HIV-1 vaccines, ensuring that resources are focused on the most promising candidates. Vaccine designers must now develop T cell vaccine strategies that reduce viral load after heterologous challenge.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.