ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2008
A unique B2 B cell subset in the intestine.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lipid Nanoparticles With Fine-Tuned Composition Show Enhanced Colon Targeting as a Platform for mRNA Therapeutics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Immunoreactive Cells After Cerebral Ischemia.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- B cells are the predominant mediators of early systemic viral dissemination during rectal LCMV infection.Mucosal immunology · 2018Article
- Epithelial Control of Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Formation through p38α-Dependent Restraint of NF-κB Signaling.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- IMMUNOLOGY. An interactive reference framework for modeling a dynamic immune system.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2015Article
- Diversity of gut microflora is required for the generation of B cell with regulatory properties in a skin graft model.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Inducible colitis-associated glycome capable of stimulating the proliferation of memory CD4+ T cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2012Article
- Changes of the cytokine profile in inflammatory bowel diseases.World journal of gastroenterology · 2012Review
- Chitin microparticles for the control of intestinal inflammation.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2012Article
- Healing of intestinal inflammation by IL-22.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2012Review
- B lymphocyte intestinal homing in inflammatory bowel disease.BMC immunology · 2011Article
- Review
- Animal models of IBD: linkage to human disease.Current opinion in pharmacology · 2010Review
- Yersinia enterocolitica promotes robust mucosal inflammatory T-cell immunity in murine neonates.Infection and immunity · 2010Article
- Cracking the BAFF code.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2009Review
- Differential requirement for CARMA1 in agonist-selected T-cell development.European journal of immunology · 2009Article
- Sheepish B cells: evidence for antigen-independent antibody diversification in humans and mice.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Over 80% of the body's activated B cells are located in mucosal sites, including the intestine. The intestine contains IgM(+) B cells, but these cells have not been characterized phenotypically or in terms of their developmental origins. We describe a previously unidentified and unique subset of immunoglobulin M(+) B cells that present with an AA4.1(-)CD21(-)CD23(-) major histocompatibility complex class II(bright) surface phenotype and are characterized by a low frequency of somatic hypermutation and the potential ability to produce interleukin-12p70. This B cell subset resides within the normal mucosa of the large intestine and expands in response to inflammation. Some of these intestinal B cells originate from the AA4.1(+) immature B2 cell pool in the steady state and are also recruited from the recirculating naive B cell pool in the context of intestinal inflammation. They develop in an antigen-independent and BAFF-dependent manner in the absence of T cell help. Expansion of these cells can be induced in the absence of the spleen and gut-associated lymphoid tissues. These results describe the existence of an alternative pathway of B cell maturation in the periphery that gives rise to a tissue-specific B cell subset.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.