ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2008
A PCR-based method for monitoring Legionella pneumophila in water samples detects viable but noncultivable legionellae that can recover their cultivability.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparison ofACS ES&T water · 2023Article
- Legionella pneumophila Rhizoferrin Promotes Bacterial Biofilm Formation and Growth within Amoebae and Macrophages.Infection and immunity · 2023Article
- Legionella pneumophila Cas2 Promotes the Expression of Small Heat Shock Protein C2 That Is Required for Thermal Tolerance and Optimal Intracellular Infection.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Polymer Brushes on GaAs and GaAs/AlGaAs Nanoheterostructures: A Promising Platform for Attractive Detection ofACS omega · 2022Article
- Article
- Investigation of the effects of various stress factors on biofilms and planktonic bacteria in cooling tower model system.Archives of microbiology · 2021Article
- Environmental Management ofMicroorganisms · 2021Review
- Short Ligand, Cysteine-Modified Warnericin RK Antimicrobial Peptides Favor Highly Sensitive Detection ofACS omega · 2021Article
- Critical Review: Propensity of Premise Plumbing Pipe Materials to Enhance or Diminish Growth ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Environmental surveillance and spatio-temporal analysis of Legionella spp. in a region of northeastern Italy (2002-2017).PloS one · 2019Article
- Review
- Legionella Risk Management and Control in Potable Water Systems: Argument for the Abolishment of Routine Testing.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
- Molecular detection of Acanthamoeba spp., Naegleria fowleri and Vermamoeba (Hartmannella) vermiformis as vectors for Legionella spp. in untreated and solar pasteurized harvested rainwater.Parasites & vectors · 2016Article
- Investigation of Legionella Contamination in Bath Water Samples by Culture, Amoebic Co-Culture, and Real-Time Quantitative PCR Methods.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2015Article
- Nuclease activity of Legionella pneumophila Cas2 promotes intracellular infection of amoebal host cells.Infection and immunity · 2015Article
- Effect of Common Drinking Water Disinfectants, Chlorine and Heat, on Free Legionella and Amoebae-Associated Legionella.PloS one · 2015Article
- Viable but not culturable forms of Legionella pneumophila generated after heat shock treatment are infectious for macrophage-like and alveolar epithelial cells after resuscitation on Acanthamoeba polyphaga.Microbial ecology · 2015Article
- Management of the 2012 Legionella crisis in Quebec City: need for a better communication between resources and knowledge transfer.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Article
- Differential Legionella spp. survival between intracellular and extracellular forms in thermal spring environments.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2013Article
- Fast immunosensing technique to detect Legionella pneumophila in different natural and anthropogenic environments: comparative and collaborative trials.BMC microbiology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila is the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease. This bacterium is ubiquitous in aqueous environments and uses amoebae as an intracellular replicative niche. Real-time PCR has been developed for rapid detection of Legionella DNA in water samples. In addition to culturable bacteria, this method may also detect dead and viable but noncultivable (VBNC) legionellae. In order to understand the significance of positive PCR results in this setting, we prepared water samples containing known concentrations of L. pneumophila and analyzed them comparatively by means of conventional culture, real-time PCR, viability labeling, and immunodetection (solid-phase cytometry). We also examined the influence of chlorination on the results of the four methods. The different techniques yielded similar results for nonchlorinated water samples but not for chlorinated samples. After treatment for 24 h with 0.5 and 1 ppm chlorine, all cultures were negative, PCR and immunodetection showed about 10(6) genome units and bacteria/ml, and total-viable-count (TVC) labeling detected 10(5) and 10(2) metabolically active bacteria/ml, respectively. Thus, PCR also detected bacteria that were VBNC. The recoverability of VBNC forms was confirmed by 5 days of coculture with Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Therefore, some TVC-positive bacteria were potentially infective. These data show that L. pneumophila PCR detects not only culturable bacteria but also VBNC forms and dead bacterial DNA at low chlorine concentrations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.