ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2008
In vitro study of the effect of cationic biocides on bacterial population dynamics and susceptibility.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cationic biocide susceptibility and tolerance-associated genes in clinical, environmental, and commensal Enterococcus isolates.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- In vitro antimicrobial activity of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride and polyhexamethylene biguanide against microorganisms causing bovine mastitis.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- Investigations of microbial adaptation to singular, binary, and fully formulated quaternary ammonium compounds.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Current insights into the effects of cationic biocides exposure onFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Exploring Efflux as a Mechanism of Reduced Susceptibility towards Biocides and Fluoroquinolones inAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- The Activity of PHMB and Other Guanidino Containing Compounds againstMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Nonsynonymous Mutations inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2022Article
- Assessing the risk of resistance to cationic biocides incorporating realism-based and biophysical approaches.Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology · 2022Review
- Sulfonium-based liposome-encapsulated antibiotics deliver a synergistic antibacterial activity.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2021Article
- Antimicrobial stewardship of antiseptics that are pertinent to wounds: the need for a united approach.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2021Review
- Adaptive bacterial response to low level chlorhexidine exposure and its implications for hand hygiene.Microbial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2019Review
- Loss of Function in Escherichia coli Exposed to Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of Benzalkonium Chloride.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2019Article
- Fatty Acid Supplementation Reverses the Small Colony Variant Phenotype in Triclosan-Adapted Staphylococcus aureus: Genetic, Proteomic and Phenotypic Analyses.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Surface area wiped, product type, and target strain impact bactericidal efficacy of ready-to-use disinfectant Towelettes.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2018Article
- Triclosan Enhances the Clearing of Pathogenic IntracellularFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Article
- Formulation of Biocides Increases Antimicrobial Potency and Mitigates the Enrichment of Nonsusceptible Bacteria in Multispecies Biofilms.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Article
- Metatranscriptome analysis of active microbial communities in produced water samples from the Marcellus Shale.Microbial ecology · 2016Article
- Variable Effects of Exposure to Formulated Microbicides on Antibiotic Susceptibility in Firmicutes and Proteobacteria.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2016Article
- Microbicides Alter the Expression and Function of RND-Type Efflux Pump AdeABC in Biofilm-Associated Cells of Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Article
- Simultaneous Assessment of Acidogenesis-Mitigation and Specific Bacterial Growth-Inhibition by Dentifrices.PloS one · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cationic biocides (CBs) are widely used in domestic and public hygiene and to control biofouling and microbial contamination in industry. The increased use of biocides has led to concern regarding possible reductions in biocide effectiveness. Domestic drain microcosms were stabilized for 5 months and then exposed to polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4g liter(-1) over 6 months and characterized throughout by differential culture, together with eubacterial-specific PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Additionally, MICs and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) for bacteria previously isolated from a domestic drain (n = 18) and the human skin (n = 13) were determined before, during, and after escalating, sublethal exposure (14 passages) to two quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC1 and QAC2), the bisbiguanide chlorhexidine (CHX), and PHMB. Exposure of the drain microcosm to PHMB did not decrease the total viable count although significant (P < 0.01) decreases in recovery were observed for the gram-positive cocci with associated clonal expansion of pseudomonads (from ca. 0.1% of the population to ca. 10%). This clonal expansion was also manifested as elevations in bacteria that could grow in the presence of PHMB, CHX, and QAC1. Decreases in susceptibility (greater than twofold) occurred for 10/31 of the test bacteria for QAC1, 14/31 for QAC2, 10/31 for CHX, and 7/31 for PHMB. Exposure of microcosms to PHMB targeted gram-positive species and caused the clonal expansion of pseudomonads. In terms of prolonged-sublethal passage on CBs, exposure to all the biocides tested resulted in susceptibility decreases for a proportion of test bacteria, but refractory clones were not generated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.