ArticleBMC medical education2008
Identifying outcome-based indicators and developing a curriculum for a continuing medical education programme on rational prescribing using a modified Delphi process.
Article in BMC medical education, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Quality indicators assessing antibiotic use in the outpatient setting: a systematic review followed by an international multidisciplinary consensus procedure.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2018Pooled it
- Using and reporting the Delphi method for selecting healthcare quality indicators: a systematic review.PloS one · 2011Pooled it
- International Benchmarking of Pharmacology Curricula and Prescribing Related Learning Outcomes, Implications for Australian Health Professional Education: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Standards for evaluating the quality of undergraduate nursing e-learning programme in low- and middle-income countries: a modified Delphi study.BMC nursing · 2023Article
- Article
- Reporting quality of the Delphi technique in reporting guidelines: a protocol for a systematic analysis of the EQUATOR Network Library.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Transitioning towards senior medical resident: identification of the required competencies using consensus methodology.Canadian medical education journal · 2018Article
- Core neurological examination items for neurology clerks: A modified Delphi study with a grass-roots approach.PloS one · 2018Article
- How do physicians and trainers experience outcome-based education in "Rational prescribing"?BMC research notes · 2014Article
- Effect of a workshop in rational pharmacotherapy for interns during family medicine clerkship in Samsun- Turkey.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2014Article
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- Article
- What are the learning outcomes of a short postgraduate training course in dermatology for primary care doctors?BMC medical education · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundContinuing medical education (CME) is compulsory for physicians in Iran. Recent studies in Iran show that modifications of CME elements are necessary to improve the effectiveness of the educational programmes. Other studies point to an inappropriate, even irrational drug prescribing. Based on a needs assessment study regarding CME for general physicians in the East Azerbaijan province in Iran, rational prescribing practice was recognized as a high priority issue. Considering different educational methods, outcome-based education has been proposed as a suitable approach for CME. The purpose of the study was to obtain experts' consensus about appropriate educational outcomes of rational prescribing for general physicians in CME and developing curricular contents for this education.
methodsThe study consisted of two phases: The first phase was conducted using a two-round Delphi consensus process to identify the outcome-based educational indicators regarding rational prescribing for general physicians in primary care (GPs). In the second phase the agreed indicators were submitted to panels of experts for assessment and determination of content for a CME program in the field.
resultsTwenty one learning outcomes were identified through a modified Delphi process. The indicators were used by the panels of experts and six educational topics were determined for the CME programme and the curricular content of each was defined. The topics were 1) Principles of prescription writing, 2) Adverse drug reactions, 3) Drug interactions, 4) Injections, 5) Antibiotic therapy, and 6) Anti-inflammatory agents therapy. One of the topics was not directly related to any outcome, raising a question about the need for a discussion on constructive alignment.
conclusionsConsensus on learning outcomes was achieved and an educational guideline was designed. Before suggesting widespread use in the country the educational package should be tested in the CME context.
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