ArticleVirology2008
IRES-dependent replication of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus makes it highly attenuated and incapable of replicating in mosquito cells.
Article in Virology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual EMCV-IRES-integrated dengue virus can express an exogenous gene and cellular Mdm2 integration suppresses the dengue viral replication.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Developing a Prototype Pathogen Plan and Research Priorities for the Alphaviruses.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Development of a Bicistronic Yellow Fever Live Attenuated Vaccine with Reduced Neurovirulence and Viscerotropism.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Molecular Virology of Chikungunya Virus.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2022Review
- Rationally Attenuated Vaccines for Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Protect Against Epidemic Strains with a Single Dose.Vaccines · 2020Article
- Article
- Emerging viruses and current strategies for vaccine intervention.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2019Review
- Current Understanding of the Molecular Basis of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Pathogenesis and Vaccine Development.Viruses · 2019Review
- Novel Mutations in nsP2 Abolish Chikungunya Virus-Induced Transcriptional Shutoff and Make the Virus Less Cytopathic without Affecting Its Replication Rates.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- β-d-Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Article
- Design and Validation of Novel Chikungunya Virus Protease Inhibitors.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Article
- Extended Preclinical Safety, Efficacy and Stability Testing of a Live-attenuated Chikungunya Vaccine Candidate.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Article
- Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus variants lacking transcription inhibitory functions demonstrate highly attenuated phenotype.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Article
- A novel live-attenuated vaccine candidate for mayaro Fever.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2014Article
- Internal ribosome entry site-based attenuation of a flavivirus candidate vaccine and evaluation of the effect of beta interferon coexpression on vaccine properties.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- Interferon-stimulated poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerases are potent inhibitors of cellular translation and virus replication.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- The amino-terminal domain of alphavirus capsid protein is dispensable for viral particle assembly but regulates RNA encapsidation through cooperative functions of its subdomains.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The development of infectious cDNA for different alphaviruses opened an opportunity to explore their attenuation by extensively modifying the viral genomes, an approach that might minimize or exclude the reversion to the wild-type, pathogenic phenotype. Moreover, the genomes of such alphaviruses can be engineered to contain RNA elements that would be functional only in cells of vertebrate, but not insect, origin. In the present study, we developed a recombinant VEEV that is more attenuated than TC-83 and capable of replicating only in vertebrate cells. This phenotype was achieved by rendering the translation of the viral structural proteins, and ultimately viral replication, dependent on the internal ribosome entry site of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV IRES). This recombinant virus was viable, but required additional, adaptive mutations in nsP2 that strongly increased its replication rates. In spite of efficient replication in cultured vertebrate cells, the genetically modified VEEV demonstrated a highly attenuated phenotype in newborn mice, and yet induced protective immunity against VEEV infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.