ArticleCost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E2008
Formulas for estimating the costs averted by sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention programs in the United States.
Article in Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Disease Screening Outside the Clinic--Implications for the Modern Sexually Transmitted Disease Program.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2016Pooled it
- Home-based versus clinic-based specimen collection in the management of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Technology-Enhanced Community Health Nursing Program for Adolescent Girls and Young Adult Women With Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2025Article
- Building a Simple Model to Assess the Impact of Case Investigation and Contact Tracing for Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Lessons From COVID-19.AJPM focus · 2024Article
- The contingent effect of incarceration on state health outcomes.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- IncidentBiology · 2022Article
- The Estimated Direct Lifetime Medical Costs of Sexually Transmitted Infections Acquired in the United States in 2018.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2021Article
- The Estimated Number and Lifetime Medical Cost of HIV Infections Attributable to Sexually Transmitted Infections Acquired in the United States in 2018: A Compilation of Published Modeling Results.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2021Article
- Surveillance to maintain the sensitivity of genotype-based antibiotic resistance diagnostics.PLoS biology · 2019Article
- Comparative Performance of the Reverse Algorithm Using Architect Syphilis TP Versus the Traditional Algorithm Using Rapid Plasma Reagin in Florida's Public Health Testing Population.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2019Article
- The Use of Technology for Sexually Transmitted Disease Partner Services in the United States: A Structured Review.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2018Review
- An Illustration of the Potential Health and Economic Benefits of Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Gonorrhea.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2018Article
- Methods for Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention Programs to Estimate the Health and Medical Cost Impact of Changes in Their Budget.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2018Article
- Does your College Campus GYT? Evaluating the Effect of a Social Marketing Campaign Designed to Raise STI Awareness and Encourage Testing.Cases in public health communication and marketing · 2015Article
- Performance and comparison of self-reported STI symptoms among high-risk populations - MSM, sex workers, persons living with HIV/AIDS - in El Salvador.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2014Article
- Return on investment: a fuller assessment of the benefits and cost savings of the US publicly funded family planning program.The Milbank quarterly · 2014Article
- Potential impact of vaccination against Neisseria meningitidis on Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the United States: results from a decision-analysis model.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2014Article
- Stimulating an immune response? Oral sex is associated with less endometritis.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2012Article
- Comparative effectiveness of two self-collected sample kit distribution systems for chlamydia screening on a university campus.Sexually transmitted infections · 2012Article
- Syphilis Infection during pregnancy: fetal risks and clinical management.Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention programs can mitigate the health and economic burden of STIs. A tool to estimate the economic benefits of STI programs could prove useful to STI program personnel.
methodsWe developed formulas that can be applied to estimate the direct medical costs and indirect costs (lost productivity) averted by STI programs in the United States. Costs and probabilities for these formulas were based primarily on published studies.
resultsWe present a series of formulas that can be used to estimate the economic benefits of STI prevention (in 2006 US dollars), using data routinely collected by STI programs. For example, the averted sequelae costs associated with treating women for chlamydia is given as (Cw)(0.16)(0.925)(0.70)($1,995), where Cw is the number of infected women treated for chlamydia, 0.16 is the absolute reduction in the probability of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) as a result of treatment, 0.925 is an adjustment factor to prevent double-counting of PID averted in women with both chlamydia and gonorrhea, 0.70 is an adjustment factor to account for the possibility of re-infection, and $1,995 is the average cost per case of PID, based on published sources.
conclusionThe formulas developed in this study can be a useful tool for STI program personnel to generate evidence-based estimates of the economic impact of their program and can facilitate the assessment of the cost-effectiveness of their activities.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.