ReviewBritish journal of pharmacology2008
Pharmacology of stimulants prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).
Review in British journal of pharmacology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Safety and Efficacy ofNutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Review
- Review
- When they don't come around: how athletes and DCOs perceive the legitimacy of a remote sampling system in anti-doping testing.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Gender Differences in Anti-Doping Rule Violations Based on a 19-Year Data Analysis from the Serbian Anti-Doping Agency: National Study.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pumped Up and Out of Control: A Case Series on Diverse Psychiatric Manifestations of Mephentermine Misuse.Indian journal of psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Development and application of a dual isotopic labeling method for enhanced detection and quantification of stimulants in urine samples using high-resolution mass spectrometry.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Effects of congeners of amphetamine on the human heart.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
- Development of an Ephedrine In-House Matrix Reference Material and Its Application to Doping Analysis.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Stability-indicating UPLC assay coupled with mass spectrometry for the analysis of vilanterol degradation products in human urine.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Determination of oxprenolol, methandienone and testosterone in meat samples by UHPLC-Q-ToF.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Use and Chronic Abuse of CNS Stimulants and Anabolic Drugs.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Review
- Modifying current thin-film microextraction (TFME) solutions for analyzing prohibited substances: Evaluating new coatings using liquid chromatography.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2022Article
- Effect of DL-Methylephedrine on Dopamine Transporter Using Positron Emission Tomography With [Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Blood vessel assessment using computed tomography : Effects of ephedrine on uterine artery.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- The Chronic Oral Administration of Clobenzorex or Amphetamine Decreases Motor Behavior and Induces Glial Activation in the Striatum Without Dopaminergic Degeneration.Neurotoxicity research · 2021Article
- Mephentermine dependence in a young Indian adult without psychosis.BMJ case reports · 2020Article
- Dietary Supplement and Food Contaminations and Their Implications for Doping Controls.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- The World Anti-Doping Code: can you have asthma and still be an elite athlete?Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2016Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This review examines the pharmacology of stimulants prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Stimulants that increase alertness/reduce fatigue or activate the cardiovascular system can include drugs like ephedrine available in many over-the-counter medicines. Others such as amphetamines, cocaine and hallucinogenic drugs, available on prescription or illegally, can modify mood. A total of 62 stimulants (61 chemical entities) are listed in the WADA List, prohibited in competition. Athletes may have stimulants in their body for one of three main reasons: inadvertent consumption in a propriety medicine; deliberate consumption for misuse as a recreational drug and deliberate consumption to enhance performance. The majority of stimulants on the list act on the monoaminergic systems: adrenergic (sympathetic, transmitter noradrenaline), dopaminergic (transmitter dopamine) and serotonergic (transmitter serotonin, 5-HT). Sympathomimetic describes agents, which mimic sympathetic responses, and dopaminomimetic and serotoninomimetic can be used to describe actions on the dopamine and serotonin systems. However, many agents act to mimic more than one of these monoamines, so that a collective term of monoaminomimetic may be useful. Monoaminomimietic actions of stimulants can include blockade of re-uptake of neurotransmitter, indirect release of neurotransmitter, direct activation of monoaminergic receptors. Many of the stimulants are amphetamines or amphetamine derivatives, including agents with abuse potential as recreational drugs. A number of agents are metabolized to amphetamine or metamphetamine. In addition to the monoaminomimetic agents, a small number of agents with different modes of action are on the list. A number of commonly used stimulants are not considered as Prohibited Substances.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.