Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18500366›Full record

ReviewBritish journal of pharmacology2008

Acetylcholine beyond neurons: the non-neuronal cholinergic system in humans.

I Wessler, C J Kirkpatrick

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in British journal of pharmacology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03924843 (Responsivity and Reproducibility of Messenger and Micro RNA Airway Inflammatory Markers - a Pilot Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 373 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
373citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
19.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03924843 completednot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Responsivity and Reproducibility of Messenger and Micro RNA Airway Inflammatory Markers - a Pilot Study

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity Medical Center GroningenRan2017 to 2021Enrolled21ConditionsCOPD, COPD Exacerbation
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

373 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 843 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. The effects of different acetylcholinesterase inhibitors on EEG patterns in patients with Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy and Impaired Inflammatory Reflex.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026
    Review
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313 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

I WesslerInstitute of Pathology, University Hospital, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany. wessler@mail.uni-mainz.de
C J Kirkpatrick
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Animal life is controlled by neurons and in this setting cholinergic neurons play an important role. Cholinergic neurons release ACh, which via nicotinic and muscarinic receptors (n- and mAChRs) mediate chemical neurotransmission, a highly integrative process. Thus, the organism responds to external and internal stimuli to maintain and optimize survival and mood. Blockade of cholinergic neurotransmission is followed by immediate death. However, cholinergic communication has been established from the beginning of life in primitive organisms such as bacteria, algae, protozoa, sponge and primitive plants and fungi, irrespective of neurons. Tubocurarine- and atropine-sensitive effects are observed in plants indicating functional significance. All components of the cholinergic system (ChAT, ACh, n- and mAChRs, high-affinity choline uptake, esterase) have been demonstrated in mammalian non-neuronal cells, including those of humans. Embryonic stem cells (mice), epithelial, endothelial and immune cells synthesize ACh, which via differently expressed patterns of n- and mAChRs modulates cell activities to respond to internal or external stimuli. This helps to maintain and optimize cell function, such as proliferation, differentiation, formation of a physical barrier, migration, and ion and water movements. Blockade of n- and mACHRs on non-innervated cells causes cellular dysfunction and/or cell death. Thus, cholinergic signalling in non-neuronal cells is comparable to cholinergic neurotransmission. Dysfunction of the non-neuronal cholinergic system is involved in the pathogenesis of diseases. Alterations have been detected in inflammatory processes and a pathobiologic role of non-neuronal ACh in different diseases is discussed. The present article reviews recent findings about the non-neuronal cholinergic system in humans.

Indexed as

AcetylcholineAnimalsGene ExpressionHumansInflammationNeuronsReceptors, MuscarinicReceptors, NicotinicAcetylcholineReceptors, MuscarinicReceptors, Nicotinic

Identifiers

PMID18500366
PMCPMC2518461
OpenAlexW1594018550

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.