ArticleGene therapy2008
Cell-specific nuclear import of plasmid DNA in smooth muscle requires tissue-specific transcription factors and DNA sequences.
Article in Gene therapy, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overcoming the nuclear barrier in nonviral gene therapy: mechanisms, carrier design, and translational perspectives on NLS peptide and DNA targeting sequence strategies.Drug delivery · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and Strategies for Enhancing DNA Nuclear Entry in Gene Delivery.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2026Article
- Plasmid Gene Therapy for Monogenic Disorders: Challenges and Perspectives.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Lipid-based nucleic acid therapeutics with in vivo efficacy.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- Understanding In Vivo Fate of Nucleic Acid and Gene Medicines for the Rational Design of Drugs.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Cytoplasmic transport and nuclear import of plasmid DNA.Bioscience reports · 2017Review
- Leptomycin B alters the subcellular distribution of CRM1 (Exportin 1).Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2017Article
- Identification of an alveolar type I epithelial cell-specific DNA nuclear import sequence for gene delivery.Gene therapy · 2016Article
- Advanced Design of Dumbbell-shaped Genetic Minimal Vectors Improves Non-coding and Coding RNA Expression.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2016Article
- New insights into the mechanisms of gene electrotransfer--experimental and theoretical analysis.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Electroporation-mediated gene delivery.Advances in genetics · 2015Article
- Challenges associated with Penetration of Nanoparticles across Cell and Tissue Barriers: A Review of Current Status and Future Prospects.Nano today · 2014Article
- Strategies on the nuclear-targeted delivery of genes.Journal of drug targeting · 2013Review
- Cell-specific targeting strategies for electroporation-mediated gene delivery in cells and animals.The Journal of membrane biology · 2013Review
- Transcription factor plasmid binding modulates microtubule interactions and intracellular trafficking during gene transfer.Gene therapy · 2012Article
- Efficacy and safety of Sleeping Beauty transposon-mediated gene transfer in preclinical animal studies.Current gene therapy · 2011Review
- β-globin matrix attachment region improves stable genomic expression of the Sleeping Beauty transposon.Journal of cellular biochemistry · 2011Article
- Gene therapy for ALI/ARDS.Critical care clinics · 2011Review
- Gene transfer: how can the biological barriers be overcome?The Journal of membrane biology · 2010Article
- The long noncoding RNA RNCR2 directs mouse retinal cell specification.BMC developmental biology · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Two shortcomings of nonviral gene therapy are a lack of tissue-specific targeting of vectors and low levels of gene transfer. Our laboratory has begun to address these limitations by designing plasmids that enter the nucleus of specific cell types in the absence of cell division, thereby enhancing expression in a controlled manner. We have shown that a 176 bp portion of the smooth muscle gamma-actin (SMGA) promoter can mediate plasmid nuclear import specifically in smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Here, we demonstrate that the binding sites for serum response factor (SRF) and NKX3-1/3-2 within this DNA nuclear targeting sequence (DTS) are required for plasmid nuclear import. Knockdown of these factors with siRNA abrogates plasmid nuclear import, indicating that they are necessary cofactors. In addition, coinjection of recombinant SRF and Nkx3.2 with the vector in TC7 epithelial cells rescues import. Finally, we show that the SRF nuclear localization sequence (NLS) is required for vector nuclear import. We propose that SRF and NKX3-1/3-2 bind the SMGA DTS in the cytoplasm, thus coating the plasmid with NLSs that mediate translocation across the nuclear pore complex. This discovery could aid in the development of more efficient nonviral vectors for gene transfer to SMCs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.