ArticleTheory in biosciences = Theorie in den Biowissenschaften2008
A self-referential model for the formation of the genetic code.
Article in Theory in biosciences = Theorie in den Biowissenschaften, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- RNP-world: The ultimate essence of life is a ribonucleoprotein process.Genetics and molecular biology · 2022Article
- Combinatorial Fusion Rules to Describe Codon Assignment in the Standard Genetic Code.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Origin of Life: The Point of No Return.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Universal Codons with Enrichment from GC to AU Nucleotide Composition Reveal a Chronological Assignment from Early to Late Along with LUCA Formation.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Comparisons between small ribosomal RNA and theoretical minimal RNA ring secondary structures confirm phylogenetic and structural accretion histories.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- First arrived, first served: competition between codons for codon-amino acid stereochemical interactions determined early genetic code assignments.Die Naturwissenschaften · 2020Article
- Pentamers with Non-redundant Frames: Bias for Natural Circular Code Codons.Journal of molecular evolution · 2020Article
- Theoretical minimal RNA rings designed according to coding constraints mimic deamination gradients.Die Naturwissenschaften · 2019Article
- More Pieces of Ancient than Recent Theoretical Minimal Proto-tRNA-Like RNA Rings in Genes Coding for tRNA Synthetases.Journal of molecular evolution · 2019Article
- The influence of different types of translational inaccuracies on the genetic code structure.BMC bioinformatics · 2019Article
- A Proposal of the Ur-proteome.Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere : the journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life · 2018Article
- Backbone Brackets and Arginine Tweezers delineate Class I and Class II aminoacyl tRNA synthetases.PLoS computational biology · 2018Article
- Identity Elements of tRNA as Derived from Information Analysis.Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere : the journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life · 2018Article
- Self-Referential Encoding on Modules of Anticodon Pairs-Roots of the Biological Flow System.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Review
- A unified model of the standard genetic code.Royal Society open science · 2017Article
- Three-Dimensional Algebraic Models of the tRNA Code and 12 Graphs for Representing the Amino Acids.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2014Article
- Metabolic basis for the self-referential genetic code.Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere : the journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life · 2011Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A model for the formation of the genetic code is presented where protein synthesis is directed initially by tRNA dimers. Proteins that are resistant to degradation and efficient RNA-binders protect the RNAs. Replication becomes elongational producing poly-tRNAs from which the mRNAs and ribosomes are derived. Attributions are successively fixed to tRNAs paired through the perfect palindromic anticodons, with the same bases at the extremities (5'ANA: UNU 3'; GNG: CNC; principal dinucleotides, pDiN). The 5' degeneracy is then developed. The first pairs to be encoded correspond to the hydropathy correlation outliers (Gly-CC: Pro-GG and Ser-GA: Ser-CU) and to the sector of homogeneous pDiN, composed by two pyrimidines or two purines. These amino acids are preferred in the N-ends of proteins, stabilizers of proteins against catabolism and strong RNA-binders. The next pairs complete the sector of homogeneous pDiN (Asp, Glu-UC: Leu-AG and Asn, Lys-UU: Phe-AA). This set of nine amino acids forms the protein cores with the predominant aperiodic conformation. Next enter the pairs with mixed pDiN (one purine and one pyrimidine), the RY attributions composing the protein N-ends and the YR attributions the C-ends. The last pair contains the main punctuation signs (Ile, Met, iMet-AU: Tyr, Stop-UA). The model indicates that genetic information emerged during the process of formation of the coding/decoding system and that genes were defined by the proteins. Stable proteins constructed the nucleoprotein system by binding to the RNAs that produced them. In this circular rationale, genes are memories in a metabolic system for production of proteins that stabilize it. The simplicity and the highly deterministic character of the process suggest that the Last Universal Common Ancestor populations could be composed, in early stages, of lineages bearing similar genetic codes.
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