ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2009
Systemic immune effects of adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide and/or radiotherapy in breast cancer: a longitudinal study.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum N-glycome alterations in breast cancer during multimodal treatment and follow-up.Molecular oncology · 2017Trial
- Clinical and Immune Effects of Lenalidomide in Combination with Gemcitabine in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.PloS one · 2017Trial
- Baseline immune biomarkers as predictors of MBSR(BC) treatment success in off-treatment breast cancer patients.Biological research for nursing · 2014Trial
- Remodeling memory T cells with chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors as host pre-conditioning to empower in vivo CAR-T therapy.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2026Review
- Herpes zoster risk among female survivors of breast cancer in Japan.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Radiotherapy and Immune System Interactions Historical Perspectives and Clinical Advancements.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2026Review
- Chemotherapeutic efficacy of nano formulation capecitabine@SNPs and gamma radiation: a novel metronomic approach for breast cancer treatment.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Sustained lymphocyte decreases after treatment for early breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2024Article
- Harnessing the Immunological Effects of Radiation to Improve Immunotherapies in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Immunotherapy Approaches for Breast Cancer Patients in 2023.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2023Review
- Rintatolimod (AmpligenCancers · 2022Article
- Immunostimulatory Properties of Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: From Immunogenic Modulation Mechanisms to Clinical Practice.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Prevalence of COVID-19-related risk factors and risk of severe influenza outcomes in cancer survivors: A matched cohort study using linked English electronic health records data.EClinicalMedicine · 2020Article
- Analysis of the Heterogeneity of CD4Journal of immunology research · 2020Article
- Immunomodulation of NK Cells by Ionizing Radiation.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Anti-Folate Receptor Alpha-Directed Antibody Therapies Restrict the Growth of Triple-negative Breast Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2018Article
- Article
- Local High-Dose Radiotherapy Induces Systemic Immunomodulating Effects of Potential Therapeutic Relevance in Oligometastatic Breast Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Trajectories of Stress, Depressive Symptoms, and Immunity in Cancer Survivors: Diagnosis to 5 Years.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2017Article
- Lymphocyte depletion and repopulation after chemotherapy for primary breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunotherapy is being increasingly utilized for adjuvant treatment for breast cancer (BC). We have previously described immune functions during primary therapy for BC. The present study describes immune recovery patterns during long-term, unmaintained follow-up after completion of adjuvant therapy.A group of patients with primary BC had been treated with adjuvant radio-chemotherapy (RT + CT) 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (FEC) (n = 21) and another group with radiotherapy (RT) (n = 20) alone. Immunological testing of NK and T-cell functions was performed initially at the end of adjuvant treatment and repeated after 2, 6 and 12 months. NK cell cytotoxicity was significantly higher (P < 0.05) at all time-points in patients than in age-matched controls and did not differ between the two treatments groups during one year observation. In contrast, lower numbers of CD4 T-cells and lower expression of CD28 on T-cells was observed particularly in RT + CT patients and did not normalize during the observation period. The numbers of T(reg) cells (CD4(+)CD25(high)) were low in the RT + CT group during follow-up, as well as expression of TCRxi, Zap70, p56(lck), P59(fyn) and PI3 k in CD4(+) cells. In contrast, expression of intracellular cytokines (IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4) in CD4 and CD8 T cells were significantly higher in RT + CT patients than in the RT group and the difference increased during follow-up. In conclusion, NK-cell cytotoxicity increased during unmaintained long-term follow-up whereas CD4 and regulatory T cells as well as signal transduction molecules remained low following adjuvant radio-chemotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.