ArticleTransactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene2008
Giardia duodenalis assemblage, clinical presentation and markers of intestinal inflammation in Brazilian children.
Article in Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 160 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and genotyping of Giardia duodenalis infections in humans in Thailand: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Giardiasis as a neglected disease in Brazil: Systematic review of 20 years of publications.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between Giardia lamblia and endemic pediatric diarrhea in developing countries.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2012Pooled it
- Analysis ofInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Genotyping and distribution ofParasitology · 2026Article
- Genotypic characterization ofFood and waterborne parasitology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Genetic Diversity ofJournal of parasitology research · 2025Review
- Article
- Assemblages and Subassemblages ofJournal of parasitology research · 2024Article
- The Influence ofVeterinary sciences · 2023Article
- The Role of Lactoferrin in Intestinal Health.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Giardia lamblia-infected preschoolers present growth delays independent of the assemblage A, B or E.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2023Article
- Genotypic and Epidemiologic Profiles of Giardia duodenalis in Four Brazilian Biogeographic RegionsMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Pre-and post-treatment evaluation of intestinal inflammation inJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2021Article
- Multilocus Genotyping ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Epidemiology of Giardia duodenalis assemblages in Brazil: there is still a long way to go.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2021Review
- Comparison ofInternational journal of organ transplantation medicine · 2021Article
- The controversies surroundingCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2021Review
- Genetic Diversity and Prevalence ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Molecular diversity of Giardia duodenalis in children under 5 years from the Manhiça district, Southern Mozambique enrolled in a matched case-control study on the aetiology of diarrhoea.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Data on the relationship between the two genotypes of Giardia duodenalis that infect humans, assemblages A and B, their clinical presentation and intestinal inflammation are limited. We analyzed 108 stool samples previously collected for a diarrhoeal study among Brazilian children, representing 71 infections in 47 children. Assemblage B was most prevalent, accounting for 43/58 (74.1%) infections, while assemblage A accounted for 9/58 (15.5%) infections and 6/58 (10.3%) infections were mixed (contained both assemblage A and B). There was no significant difference in diarrhoeal symptoms experienced during assemblage A, B or mixed infections. Children with assemblage B demonstrated greater variability in G. duodenalis cyst shedding but at an overall greater level (n=43, mean 3.6 x 10(5), range 5.3 x 10(2)-2.5 x 10(6)cysts/ml) than children infected with assemblage A (n=9, mean 1.4 x 10(5), range 1.5 x 10(4)-4.6 x 10(5)cysts/ml; P=0.009). Children with mixed infections shed more cysts (mean 8.3 x 10(5), range 3.1 x 10(4)-2.8 x 10(6)cysts/ml) than children with assemblage A or B alone (P=0.069 and P=0.046 respectively). This higher rate of cyst shedding in children with assemblage B may promote its spread, accounting for its increased incidence. Additionally, second and third infections had decreasing faecal lactoferrin, suggesting some protection against severity, albeit not against infection, by prior infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.