ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2008
Estimating the size of the human interactome.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 295 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
295 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Interactome-transcriptome analysis discovers signatures complementary to GWAS Loci of Type 2 Diabetes.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- Unleashing the power of DNA-encoded libraries for challenging targets in drug discovery.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2026Review
- Function-based OBOC screening for the direct discovery of potent protein-protein interaction inhibitors.RSC chemical biology · 2026Article
- Microfluidics for protein interaction studies: current methods, challenges, and future perspectives.European biophysics journal : EBJ · 2026Review
- Druggability assessments of small peptides as protein-protein interaction inhibitors targeting EED-EZH2 binding within the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), an epigenetic regulator.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Network analysis of serotonin CNVs shows biological convergence from genetic heterogeneity and discriminates between autism and developmental delay.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Complexoform-restricted covalent TRMT112 ligands that allosterically agonize METTL5.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Combinatorial prediction of therapeutic perturbations using causally inspired neural networks.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Experimental assessment of AI-based interactome mapping.Nature communications · 2026Article
- PPI-Diff: De Novo Generation of Peptide Binders via Resolution-Aware Geometric Diffusion.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Understanding the Role of H-Bonds in the Stability of Molecular Glue-Induced Ternary Complexes.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2026Article
- Predicting interaction-specific protein-protein interaction perturbations by missense variants with MutPred-PPI.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Harnessing deep statistical potential for biophysical scoring of protein-peptide interactions.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- IID 2025: Physical protein interaction data with detection types, co-purified protein sets, molecular docking, and immune cell networks.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Advancing understanding of long COVID pathophysiology through quantum walk-based network analysis.Bioinformatics advances · 2026Article
- MnM-W-MMGBSA: A Computational Strategy to Improve Relative Binding Free Energies of Protein-Protein Interaction Systems.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2025Article
- Small molecules targeting the eubacterial β-sliding clamp discovered by combinedJournal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Click-linking: a cell-compatible protein crosslinking method based on click chemistry.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Sequence-Based Protein-Protein Interaction Prediction and Its Applications in Drug Discovery.Cells · 2025Review
- Unraveling cooperative and competitive interactions within protein triplets in the human interactome.Scientific reports · 2025Article
235 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
After the completion of the human and other genome projects it emerged that the number of genes in organisms as diverse as fruit flies, nematodes, and humans does not reflect our perception of their relative complexity. Here, we provide reliable evidence that the size of protein interaction networks in different organisms appears to correlate much better with their apparent biological complexity. We develop a stable and powerful, yet simple, statistical procedure to estimate the size of the whole network from subnet data. This approach is then applied to a range of eukaryotic organisms for which extensive protein interaction data have been collected and we estimate the number of interactions in humans to be approximately 650,000. We find that the human interaction network is one order of magnitude bigger than the Drosophila melanogaster interactome and approximately 3 times bigger than in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.