ArticleJournal of bacteriology2008
The CI repressors of Shiga toxin-converting prophages are involved in coinfection of Escherichia coli strains, which causes a down regulation in the production of Shiga toxin 2.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors Governing the Cross-Species Virulence of Shiga Toxin-ProducingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Predicting clinical outcome ofMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- External factors influence intrinsic differences in Stx2e production by Porcine Shiga Toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Role of Lysogenic Phages in the Dissemination of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Applied in the Food Chain.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Pathogenomes of Shiga Toxin Positive and NegativeMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- The Prophage and Us-Shiga Toxin Phages Revisited.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Variability in the Occupancy ofToxins · 2021Article
- Bacteriophages of Shiga Toxin-ProducingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The Site-Specific Recombination System of theFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- The Virulence ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- Core and Accessory Genome Comparison of Australian and International Strains of O157 Shiga Toxin-ProducingFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- The ProbioticFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Article
- ppGpp and cytotoxicity diversity in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) isolates.Epidemiology and infection · 2017Article
- Influence of Stress Factors Related to Cheese-Making Process and to STEC Detection Procedure on the Induction of Stx Phages from STEC O26:H11.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Development of new host-specific Bacteroides qPCRs for the identification of fecal contamination sources in water.MicrobiologyOpen · 2016Article
- Whole Genome Sequencing for Genomics-Guided Investigations of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Outbreaks.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
- Oxidative Stress in Shiga Toxin Production by Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2016Review
- Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains harbor at least three distinct sequence types of Shiga toxin 2a-converting phages.BMC genomics · 2015Article
- Impact of spontaneous prophage induction on the fitness of bacterial populations and host-microbe interactions.Journal of bacteriology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Shiga toxins (Stx) are the main virulence factors associated with a form of Escherichia coli known as Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). They are encoded in temperate lambdoid phages located on the chromosome of STEC. STEC strains can carry more than one prophage. Consequently, toxin and phage production might be influenced by the presence of more than one Stx prophage on the bacterial chromosome. To examine the effect of the number of prophages on Stx production, we produced E. coli K-12 strains carrying either one Stx2 prophage or two different Stx2 prophages. We used recombinant phages in which an antibiotic resistance gene (aph, cat, or tet) was incorporated in the middle of the Shiga toxin operon. Shiga toxin was quantified by immunoassay and by cytotoxicity assay on Vero cells (50% cytotoxic dose). When two prophages were inserted in the host chromosome, Shiga toxin production and the rate of lytic cycle activation fell. The cI repressor seems to be involved in incorporation of the second prophage. Incorporation and establishment of the lysogenic state of the two prophages, which lowers toxin production, could be regulated by the CI repressors of both prophages operating in trans. Although the sequences of the cI genes of the phages studied differed, the CI protein conformation was conserved. Results indicate that the presence of more than one prophage in the host chromosome could be regarded as a mechanism to allow genetic retention in the cell, by reducing the activation of lytic cycle and hence the pathogenicity of the strains.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.