ArticleJournal of leukocyte biology2008
Immune responses to Pneumocystis murina are robust in healthy mice but largely absent in CD40 ligand-deficient mice.
Article in Journal of leukocyte biology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulation of host lung immunity in Pneumocystis pneumonia: a review of current concepts and future prospects for novel adjunctive immune-based therapies.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Review
- Detection and Remediation of Pneumocystis murina Infections by Environmental Health Monitoring.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025Article
- CD4, but not Cxcr6, is necessary for control of Pneumocystis murina infection.Microbes and infection · 2025Article
- Abrupt Breathlessness: Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia Associated with Inebilizumab in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report and Literature Review.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- CD40 Expression by B Cells Is Required for Optimal Immunity to Murine Pneumocystis Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Retracing the evolution ofMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- CD40 Expression by B cells is Required for Optimal Immunity to MurinebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells Accumulate in the Lungs during MurineJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Pneumocystis pneumonia in liver transplant recipients.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
- X-linked CD40 ligand deficiency in a 1-year-old male Shih Tzu with secondary Pneumocystis pneumonia.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2021Article
- Characterization of Pneumocystis murina Bgl2, an Endo-β-1,3-Glucanase and Glucanosyltransferase.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- The Contribution of Host Cells toPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Increase in secreted airway mucins and partial Muc5b STAT6/FoxA2 regulation during Pneumocystis primary infection.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Niflumic Acid Reverses Airway Mucus Excess and Improves Survival in the Rat Model of Steroid-InducedFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Pulmonary Interleukin-17-Positive Lymphocytes Increase during Pneumocystis murina Infection but Are Not Required for Clearance of Pneumocystis.Infection and immunity · 2017Article
- Targeting dendritic cells to accelerate T-cell activation overcomes a bottleneck in tuberculosis vaccine efficacy.Nature communications · 2016Article
- β-Glucans Are Masked but Contribute to Pulmonary Inflammation During Pneumocystis Pneumonia.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Article
- RNA-seq analysis of the gonadal transcriptome during Alligator mississippiensis temperature-dependent sex determination and differentiation.BMC genomics · 2016Article
- Characterization of chemokine and chemokine receptor expression during Pneumocystis infection in healthy and immunodeficient mice.Microbes and infection · 2015Article
- Mononuclear phagocyte-mediated antifungal immunity: the role of chemotactic receptors and ligands.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pneumocystis is a pathogen of immunocompromised hosts but can also infect healthy hosts, in whom infection is rapidly controlled and cleared. Microarray methods were used to examine differential gene expression in the lungs of C57BL/6 and CD40 ligand knockout (CD40L-KO) mice over time following exposure to Pneumocystis murina. Immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice, which control and clear infection efficiently, showed a robust response to infection characterized by the up-regulation of 349 primarily immune response-associated genes. Temporal changes in the expression of these genes identified an early (Week 2), primarily innate response, which waned before the infection was controlled; this was followed by primarily adaptive immune responses that peaked at Week 5, which coincided with clearance of the infection. In conjunction with the latter, there was an increased expression of B cell-associated (Ig) genes at Week 6 that persisted through 11 weeks. In contrast, CD40L-KO mice, which are highly susceptible to developing severe Pneumocystis pneumonia, showed essentially no up-regulation of immune response-associated genes at Days 35-75. Immunohistochemical staining supported these observations by demonstrating an increase in CD4+, CD68+, and CD19+ cells in C57BL/6 but not CD40L-KO mice. Thus, the healthy host demonstrates a robust, biphasic response to infection by Pneumocystis; CD40L is an essential upstream regulator of the adaptive immune responses that efficiently control infection and prevent development of progressive pneumonia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.