Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18464043›Full record

ReviewDrug metabolism reviews2008

From human genetics and genomics to pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics: past lessons, future directions.

Daniel W Nebert, Ge Zhang, Elliot S Vesell

Abstract readHistorical ArticleReview
In one paragraph

Review in Drug metabolism reviews, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Pharmacometabonomic identification of a significant host-microbiome metabolic interaction affecting human drug metabolism.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2009
    Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Sources of Interindividual Variability.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2021
    Article
  6. Rare Coding Variants Associated with Breast Cancer.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. [Porphyria cutanea tara].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2016
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. A review of the role of electronic health record in genomic research.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2014
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Daniel W NebertDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics & Molecular Developmental Biology, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0056, USA. dan.nebert@uc.edu
Ge Zhang
Elliot S Vesell

Funding

REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICOLOGY RESEARCHP30ES006096 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI YADAV, JAGJIT S · 1992 to 2022
$35.4M
NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES006096NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES06096
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A brief history of human genetics and genomics is provided, comparing recent progress in those fields with that in pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics, which are subsets of genetics and genomics, respectively. Sequencing of the entire human genome, the mapping of common haplotypes of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and cost-effective genotyping technologies leading to genome-wide association (GWA) studies - have combined convincingly in the past several years to demonstrate the requirements needed to separate true associations from the plethora of false positives. While research in human genetics has moved from monogenic to oligogenic to complex diseases, its pharmacogenetics branch has followed, usually a few years behind. The continuous discoveries, even today, of new surprises about our genome cause us to question reviews declaring that "personalized medicine is almost here" or that "individualized drug therapy will soon be a reality." As summarized herein, numerous reasons exist to show that an "unequivocal genotype" or even an "unequivocal phenotype" is virtually impossible to achieve in current limited-size studies of human populations. This problem (of insufficiently stringent criteria) leads to a decrease in statistical power and, consequently, equivocal interpretation of most genotype-phenotype association studies. It remains unclear whether personalized medicine or individualized drug therapy will ever be achievable by means of DNA testing alone.

Indexed as

Genetics, MedicalGenetic TestingGenome, HumanGenomicsPatient SelectionPharmacogeneticsBiotransformationDatabases, GeneticDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsEpigenesis, GeneticGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenotypeHistory, 19th CenturyHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyHuman Genome ProjectPharmaceutical Preparations

Identifiers

PMID18464043
PMCPMC2752627

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.