ArticleBlood2008
Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia: natural history and prognostic factors.
Article in Blood, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 98 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 216 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Hitchhiker Guide to CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Reappraisal of Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia at 30 Years.The New England journal of medicine · 2023Trial
- Administration of interleukin-7 increases CD4 T cells in idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia.Blood · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Expansion of pathogens and restoration of human skin microbiome in CD4 T-cell lymphopenia.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2026Article
- Long-acting IL-7 restores T-cell reconstitution in a humanized mouse model of lymphopenia.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Lupus nephritis association with idiopathic CD4 + T lymphocytopenia: a case report of a young man with recalcitrant warts.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Severe disseminatedIDCases · 2025Article
- Disseminated Mycobacterium abscessus infection with idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia: a case report and review of the literature.Journal of medical case reports · 2024Review
- Concomitant Listeria monocytogenes and Streptococcus equinus brain abscess in an immunocompetent individual: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2024Article
- Disseminated Cutaneous Histoplasmosis and Its Recurrence in an Apparently Immunocompetent Patient.Cureus · 2024Article
- Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in people with idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopaenia withBMJ case reports · 2023Article
- Nomogram for Predicting Early Mortality after Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation in Children with Inborn Errors of Immunity.Journal of clinical immunology · 2023Article
- Exploiting antifungal immunity in the clinical context.Seminars in immunology · 2023Review
- Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in a patient with idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia and IFN-γ neutralizing antibodies: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- An Under-Recognized Disease: A Rare Case of Idiopathic CD4 Lymphopenia Mislabeled as Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Autoantibodies in immunodeficiency syndromes: The Janus faces of immune dysregulation.Blood reviews · 2022Review
- Disseminated cryptococcosis with varicella-zoster virus coinfection of idiopathic CD4 + T lymphocytopenia: a case report and literature review.Virology journal · 2022Review
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedKovacs, Stephen J [corrected to Kovacs, Stephen B]
Authors and funding
16 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Idiopathic CD4(+) lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare non-HIV-related syndrome with unclear natural history and prognosis. This prospective natural history cohort study describes the clinical course, CD4 T lymphocyte kinetics, outcome, and prognostic factors of ICL. Thirty-nine patients (17 men, 22 women) 25 to 85 years old with ICL were evaluated between 1992 and 2006, and 36 were followed for a median of 49.5 months. Cryptococcal and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections were the major presenting opportunistic infections. Seven patients presented with no infection. In 32, CD4 T-cell counts remained less than 300/mm(3) throughout the study period and in 7 normalized after an average of 31 months. Overall, 15 (41.6%) developed an opportunistic infection in follow-up, 5 (13.8%) of which were "AIDS-defining clinical conditions," and 4 (11.1%) developed autoimmune diseases. Seven patients died, 4 from ICL-related opportunistic infections, within 42 months after diagnosis. Immunologic analyses revealed increased activation and turnover in CD4 but not CD8 T lymphocytes. CD8 T lymphocytopenia (< 180/mm(3)) and the degree of CD4 T cell activation (measured by HLA-DR expression) at presentation were associated with adverse outcome (opportunistic infection-related death; P = .003 and .02, respectively).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.