ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2008
Infiltration of forkhead box P3-expressing cells in small intestinal mucosa in coeliac disease but not in type 1 diabetes.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbiota in regulatory T cell generation and function: mechanisms and health implications.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Single cell transcriptome sequencing indicates the cellular heterogeneity of small intestine tissue in celiac disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Intestinal mucosal immunity and type 1 diabetes: Non-negligible communication between gut and pancreas.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Role of Regulatory T Cells and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications in Celiac Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Gluten induces rapid reprogramming of natural memory αβ and γδ intraepithelial T cells to induce cytotoxicity in celiac disease.Science immunology · 2023Article
- Reduced frequency of circulating regulatory T cells and their related immunosuppressive mediators in treated celiac patients.Molecular biology reports · 2022Article
- Toward finding the difference between untreated celiac disease and COVID-19 infected patients in terms of CD4, CD25 (IL-2 Rα), FOXP3 and IL-6 expressions as genes affecting immune homeostasis.BMC gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Intestinal Cellular Biomarkers of Mucosal Lesion Progression in Pediatric Celiac Disease.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Modulation of Intestinal ILC3 for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Suppressive Mechanisms Induced by Tregs in Celiac DiseaseIranian biomedical journal · 2020Review
- Fungal Dysbiosis and Intestinal Inflammation in Children With Beta-Cell Autoimmunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Translational Chemistry Meets Gluten-Related Disorders.ChemistryOpen · 2018Review
- An Insight Into the Intestinal Web of Mucosal Immunity, Microbiota, and Diet in Inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Proinflammatory cytokine interferon-γ and microbiome-derived metabolites dictate epigenetic switch between forkhead box protein 3 isoforms in coeliac disease.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2017Article
- Early-Life Nutritional Factors and Mucosal Immunity in the Development of Autoimmune Diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Article
- Coeliac disease: a unique model for investigating broken tolerance in autoimmunity.Clinical & translational immunology · 2016Review
- Gut microbiota translocation to the pancreatic lymph nodes triggers NOD2 activation and contributes to T1D onset.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2016Article
- Effector and suppressor T cells in celiac disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2015Review
- Increased density of tolerogenic dendritic cells in the small bowel mucosa of celiac patients.World journal of gastroenterology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Because the role of regulatory T cells in the intestinal inflammation is unknown in coeliac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D), the expression of forkhead box P3 (FoxP3), CD25, transforming growth factor-beta, interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15 and IL-18 was measured by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in the small intestinal biopsies from paediatric patients with active or potential CD, T1D and control patients. The numbers of FoxP3- and CD25-expressing cells were studied with immunohistochemistry. Enhanced intestinal expressions of FoxP3, IL-10 and IFN-gamma mRNAs were found in active CD when compared with controls (P-values < 0.001, 0.004, <0.001). In potential CD, only the expression of IFN-gamma mRNA was increased. The numbers of FoxP3-expressing cells were higher in active and potential CD (P < 0.001, P = 0.05), and the ratio of FoxP3 mRNA to the number of FoxP3-positive cells was decreased in potential CD when compared with controls (P = 0.007). The ratio of IFN-gamma to FoxP3-specific mRNA was increased in active and potential CD (P = 0.001 and P = 0.002). Patients with T1D had no changes in regulatory T cell markers, but showed increased expression of IL-18 mRNA. The impaired up-regulation of FoxP3 transcripts despite the infiltration of FoxP3-positive cells in potential CD may contribute to the persistence of inflammation. The increased ratio of IFN-gamma to FoxP3 mRNA in active and potential CD suggests an imbalance between regulatory and effector mechanisms. The increased intestinal expression of IL-18 mRNA in patients with T1D adds evidence in favour of the hypothesis that T1D is associated with derangements in the gut immune system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.