ArticleInfection and immunity2008
Toll-like receptor 9 regulates the lung macrophage phenotype and host immunity in murine pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
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- GM-CSF engages multiple signaling pathways to enhance pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in human monocytes duringInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Cytosolic nucleic acid sensing as driver of critical illness: mechanisms and advances in therapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Role of toll-like receptors and nod-like receptors in acute lung infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- TLR9 Negatively Regulates Intracellular Bacterial Killing by Pyroptosis in Burkholderia pseudomalleiMicrobiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Pathogenicity and Virulence ofVirulence · 2021Review
- Article
- Integrative Network Analysis of Predicted miRNA-Targets Regulating Expression of Immune Response Genes in Bovine Coronavirus Infection.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- Viewing Legionella pneumophila Pathogenesis through an Immunological Lens.Journal of molecular biology · 2019Review
- CpG-DNA exerts antibacterial effects by protecting immune cells and producing bacteria-reactive antibodies.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Electroporation-mediated delivery of FER gene enhances innate immune response and improves survival in a murine model of pneumonia.Gene therapy · 2018Article
- FGL2 knockdown improves heart function through regulation of TLR9 signaling in the experimental autoimmune myocarditis rats.Immunologic research · 2018Article
- Article
- R1R2 peptide ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis in mice through fibrocyte migration and differentiation.PloS one · 2017Article
- Getting "Inside" Type I IFNs: Type I IFNs in Intracellular Bacterial Infections.Journal of immunology research · 2017Review
- Toll-like receptor 9 enhances bacterial clearance and limits lung consolidation in murine pneumonia caused by methicillin resistantMolecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2016Article
- The Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Lyase (LegS2) Contributes to the Restriction of Legionella pneumophila in Murine Macrophages.PloS one · 2016Article
- Toll-Like Receptor 9 Contributes to Defense against Acinetobacter baumannii Infection.Infection and immunity · 2015Article
- Linezolid has unique immunomodulatory effects in post-influenza community acquired MRSA pneumonia.PloS one · 2015Article
- Fibrocytes are not an essential source of type I collagen during lung fibrosis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Experiments were performed to determine the contribution of TLR9 to the generation of protective immunity against the intracellular respiratory bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila. In initial studies, we found that the intratracheal (i.t.) administration of L. pneumophila to mice deficient in TLR9 (TLR9(-/-)) resulted in significantly increased mortality, which was associated with an approximately 10-fold increase in the number of lung CFU compared to that of wild-type BALB/c mice. Intrapulmonary bacterial challenge in TLR9(-/-) mice resulted in the reduced accumulation of myeloid dendritic cells (DC) and activated CD4(+) T cells. Lung macrophages isolated from Legionella-infected TLR9(-/-) mice displayed the impaired internalization of bacteria and evidence of alternative rather than classical activation, as manifested by the markedly reduced expression of nitric oxide and type 1 cytokines, whereas the expression of Fizz-1 and arginase-1 was enhanced. The adoptive transfer of bone marrow-derived DC from syngeneic wild-type, but not TLR9(-/-), mice administered i.t. reconstituted anti-legionella immunity and restored the macrophage phenotype in TLR9(-/-) mice. Finally, the i.t., but not intraperitoneal, administration of the TLR9 agonist molecule CpG oligodeoxynucleotide stimulated protective immunity in Legionella-infected mice. In total, our findings indicate that TLR9 is required for effective innate immune responses against the intracellular bacterial pathogen L. pneumophila, and approaches to maximize TLR9-mediated responses may serve as a means to augment antibacterial immunity in pneumonia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.