ArticleBMC molecular biology2008
DNA watermarks: a proof of concept.
Article in BMC molecular biology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cryptographic approaches to authenticating synthetic DNA sequences.Trends in biotechnology · 2024Review
- Design considerations for advancing data storage with synthetic DNA for long-term archiving.Materials today. Bio · 2022Review
- Fractal construction of constrained code words for DNA storage systems.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- Privacy-preserving and robust watermarking on sequential genome data using belief propagation and local differential privacy.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- barCoder: a tool to generate unique, orthogonal genetic tags for qPCR detection.BMC bioinformatics · 2021Article
- Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Minimal, Innocuous Watermarking Strategy to Distinguish Near-Identical DNA and RNA Sequences.ACS synthetic biology · 2020Article
- MESA: automated assessment of synthetic DNA fragments and simulation of DNA synthesis, storage, sequencing and PCR errors.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2020Article
- A covert authentication and security solution for GMOs.BMC bioinformatics · 2016Article
- Article
- DNA-LCEB: a high-capacity and mutation-resistant DNA data-hiding approach by employing encryption, error correcting codes, and hybrid twofold and fourfold codon-based strategy for synonymous substitution in amino acids.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2014Article
- BioCode: two biologically compatible Algorithms for embedding data in non-coding and coding regions of DNA.BMC bioinformatics · 2013Article
- Embedding permanent watermarks in synthetic genes.PloS one · 2012Article
- DNA watermarking of infectious agents: progress and prospects.PLoS pathogens · 2010Article
- DNA watermarks in non-coding regulatory sequences.BMC research notes · 2009Article
- Stabilizing synthetic data in the DNA of living organisms.Systems and synthetic biology · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDNA-based watermarks are helpful tools to identify the unauthorized use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) protected by patents. In silico analyses showed that in coding regions synonymous codons can be used to insert encrypted information into the genome of living organisms by using the DNA-Crypt algorithm.
resultsWe integrated an authenticating watermark in the Vam7 sequence. For our investigations we used a mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, called CG783, which has an amber mutation within the Vam7 sequence. The CG783 cells are unable to sporulate and in addition display an abnormal vacuolar morphology. Transformation of CG783 with pRS314 Vam7 leads to a phenotype very similar to the wildtype yeast strain CG781. The integrated watermark did not influence the function of Vam7 and the resulting phenotype of the CG783 cells transformed with pRS314 Vam7-TB shows no significant differences compared to the CG783 cells transformed with pRS314 Vam7.
conclusionFrom our experiments we conclude that the DNA watermarks produced by DNA-Crypt do not influence the translation from mRNA into protein. By analyzing the vacuolar morphology, growth rate and ability to sporulate we confirmed that the resulting Vam7 protein was functionally active.
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