Trial reportBMC infectious diseases2008
Effects of resuscitation with crystalloid fluids on cardiac function in patients with severe sepsis.
Trial report in BMC infectious diseases, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02476253 (Sodium Bicarbonate to Treat Severe Acidosis in the Critically Ill), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Sodium Bicarbonate to Treat Severe Acidosis in the Critically Ill : A Multiple Center Randomized Clinical Trial (BICAR-ICU)
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Intravascular volume therapy in adults: Guidelines from the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany.European journal of anaesthesiology · 2016Guideline
- Hypertonic saline for fluid resuscitation in ICU patients post-cardiac surgery (HERACLES): a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial.Intensive care medicine · 2020Trial
- Sodium bicarbonate therapy for metabolic acidosis in children stratified by acute kidney injury status and chloride levels: a retrospective cohort study.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Early and high-volume administration of sodium bicarbonate in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury in patients with malignancies, during continuous renal replacement therapy.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Complexities, Benefits, Risks, and Clinical Implications of Sodium Bicarbonate Administration in Critically Ill Patients: A State-of-the-Art Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Clinical efficacy of sodium bicarbonate in treating pediatric metabolic acidosis with varying level of acid-base balance parameters: a real-world study.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- Intravenous fluid therapy in sepsis.Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2022Review
- A Double-Blind, Randomized Control Trial of Rapidly Infused High Strong Ion Difference (SID) Fluid Versus Hartmann's Solution on Acid-Base Status in Sepsis Patients in the Emergency Department.Journal of acute medicine · 2019Article
- Article
- Myocardial Strain and Cardiac Output are Preferable Measurements for Cardiac Dysfunction and Can Predict Mortality in Septic Mice.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Article
- Bicarbonate Therapy for Critically Ill Patients with Metabolic Acidosis: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2019Review
- Resuscitation fluids.Current opinion in critical care · 2018Review
- Fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2018Article
- The Use of Sodium Bicarbonate in the Treatment of Acidosis in Sepsis: A Literature Update on a Long Term Debate.Critical care research and practice · 2015Review
- Duration of hemodynamic effects of crystalloids in patients with circulatory shock after initial resuscitation.Annals of intensive care · 2014Article
- Sodium bicarbonate therapy in patients with metabolic acidosis.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2014Review
- Management of acute renal dysfunction in sepsis.Current infectious disease reports · 2012Article
- A critique of fluid bolus resuscitation in severe sepsis.Critical care (London, England) · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe use of hypertonic crystalloid solutions, including sodium chloride and bicarbonate, for treating severe sepsis has been much debated in previous investigations. We have investigated the effects of three crystalloid solutions on fluid resuscitation in severe sepsis patients with hypotension.
methodsNinety-four severe sepsis patients with hypotension were randomly assigned to three groups. The patients received the following injections within 15 min at initial treatment: Ns group (n = 32), 5 ml/kg normal saline; Hs group (n = 30), with 5 ml/kg 3.5% sodium chloride; and Sb group (n = 32), 5 ml/kg 5% sodium bicarbonate. Cardiac output (CO), systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure (MAP), body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate and blood gases were measured.
resultsThere were no differences among the three groups in CO, MAP, heart rate or respiratory rate during the 120 min trial or the 8 hour follow-up, and no significant differences in observed mortality rate after 28 days. However, improvement of MAP and CO started earlier in the Sb group than in the Ns and Hs groups. Sodium bicarbonate increased the base excess but did not alter blood pH, lactic acid or [HCO3]- values; and neither 3.5% hypertonic saline nor 5% sodium bicarbonate altered the Na+, K+, Ca2+ or Cl- levels.
conclusionAll three crystalloid solutions may be used for initial volume loading in severe sepsis, and sodium bicarbonate confers a limited benefit on humans with severe sepsis.
trial registrationISRCTN36748319.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.