It's time for a change in practice: reducing antibiotic use can alter antibiotic resistance.

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

1. Prevalence and treatment outcome of cervicitis of unknown etiology.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2013
   Trial
2. Thermal water inhalation for allergic rhinitis and recurrent respiratory infections: a narrative review of the evidence.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025
   Review
3. Impact of Veterinary Feed Directive Rules Changes on the Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria Isolated from Cecal Samples of Food-Producing Animals at US Slaughterhouses.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
   Article
4. Improvements of weaned pigs barn hygiene to reduce the spread of antimicrobial resistance.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024
   Article
5. Self-medication with antibiotics in Georgian population.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024
   Article
6. Rationale and clinical application of antimicrobial stewardship principles in the intensive care unit: a multidisciplinary statement.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2023
   Article
7. Effect of veterinary feed directive rule changes on tetracycline-resistant and erythromycin-resistant bacteria (Salmonella, Escherichia, and Campylobacter) in retail meats in the United States.PloS one · 2023
   Article
8. Impact of an antimicrobial stewardship programme on antimicrobial utilization and the prevalence of MDRJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2020
   Article
9. Public Awareness and Practices towards Self-Medication with Antibiotics among the Malaysian Population. A Development of Questionnaire and Pilot-Testing.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
   Article
10. Empirical antibiotic choice alters microbiological outcomes: Findings from comparative antibiograms in a trauma intensive care unit.The Southern African journal of critical care : the official journal of the Critical Care Society · 2020
    Article
11. Novel Imidazole and Methoxybenzylamine Growth Inhibitors Affecting Salmonella Cell Envelope Integrity and its Persistence in Chickens.Scientific reports · 2018
    Article
12. Evaluating the Role of Postoperative Oral Antibiotic Administration in Artificial Urinary Sphincter and Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Explantation: A Nationwide Analysis.Urology · 2018
    Article
13. Antibiotic Use in Sore Throat: Are We Judicious?Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2015
    Article
14. Cervicitis of unknown etiology.Current infectious disease reports · 2014
    Article
15. Self-medication practices with antibiotics among tertiary level students in Accra, Ghana: a cross-sectional study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2012
    Article
16. Impact of a Multimodal Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Susceptibility and Antimicrobial Use in the Intensive Care Unit Setting.Critical care research and practice · 2011
    Article
17. Antibiotic identification, use, and self-medication for respiratory illnesses among urban Latinos.Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners · 2010
    Article
18. Improving Prescribing for Otitis Media in a Pediatric Emergency Unit: A Quality Improvement Initiative.Pediatric quality & safety
    Article

Corrections and comments

• Commented on by
  Federal funding for the study of antimicrobial resistance in nosocomial pathogens: no ESKAPE.2008
• Commented on by
  Empiric use of antibiotics for treatment of respiratory infection and febrile seizures.2008
• Comment on
  The research agenda of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases for antimicrobial resistance.2008
• Comment on
  Seasonality of antibiotic-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae that causes acute otitis media: a clue for an antibiotic-restriction policy?2008

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

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