ArticleArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology2008
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease: results from NHANES 2001 to 2004.
Article in Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
128 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 317 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association between Vitamin D and Peripheral Arterial Disease and its Value as a Prognostic and Diagnostic Marker A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Pooled it
- Guideline
- Non-skeletal health effects of vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-analyses summarizing trial data.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Circulating 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and risk of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of prospective studies.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2012Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Efficacy and safety of a short course of very-high-dose cholecalciferol in hemodialysis.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2012Trial
- Vitamin D supplementation did not prevent influenza-like illness as diagnosed retrospectively by questionnaires in subjects participating in randomized clinical trials.Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases · 2012Trial
- Very high-dose cholecalciferol and arteriovenous fistula maturation in ESRD: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study.The journal of vascular accessTrial
- Pharmacokinetics Modelling Reveals Inconsistency Between the US and European Vitamin D Safety Guidelines.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Quantitative Ultrasound Assessment of Skeletal Muscle Microvascularity in Relation to Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Circulating vitamin D and follicle-stimulating hormone levels are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in climacteric women with menopausal syndrome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Low Vitamin D Status Attenuates Hypolipidemic and Pleiotropic Effects of Atorvastatin in Women.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Illuminating the Connection: Cutaneous Vitamin DNutrients · 2025Review
- Ablation of Vitamin D Signaling in Cardiomyocytes Leads to Functional Impairment and Stimulation of Pro-Inflammatory and Pro-Fibrotic Gene Regulatory Networks in a Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Model in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Non-classical monocytes frequency and serum vitamin DJournal of diabetes investigation · 2023Article
- Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for vitamin D, including the derivation of a conversion factor for calcidiol monohydrate.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023Article
- Vitamin D Determinants, Status, and Antioxidant/Anti-inflammatory-Related Effects in Cardiovascular Risk and Disease: Not the Last Word in the Controversy.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cardiovascular Impact of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements: A Narrative Review.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2023Review
- Role of Vitamin D Deficiency in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases.Nutrients · 2023Review
68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the general United States population. METHODS AND
resultsWe analyzed data from 4839 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001 to 2004 to evaluate the relationship between 25(OH)D and PAD (defined as an ankle-brachial index < 0.9). Across quartiles of 25(OH)D, from lowest to highest, the prevalence of PAD was 8.1%, 5.4%, 4.9%, and 3.7% (P trend < 0.001). After multivariable adjustment for demographics, comorbidities, physical activity level, and laboratory measures, the prevalence ratio of PAD for the lowest, compared to the highest, 25(OH)D quartile (< 17.8 and > or = 29.2 ng/mL, respectively) was 1.80 (95% confidence interval: 1.19, 2.74). For each 10 ng/mL lower 25(OH)D level, the multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratio of PAD was 1.35 (95% confidence interval: 1.15, 1.59).
conclusionsLow serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with a higher prevalence of PAD. Several mechanisms have been invoked in the literature to support a potential antiatherosclerotic activity of vitamin D. Prospective cohort and mechanistic studies should be designed to confirm this association.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.