ArticleBMC microbiology2008
Relationships between emm and multilocus sequence types within a global collection of Streptococcus pyogenes.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Before and after the bottleneck: pediatric group A streptococcal infections in Houston, TX, from 2013 to 2023.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
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- Application of the random forest algorithm to Streptococcus pyogenes response regulator allele variation: from machine learning to evolutionary models.Scientific reports · 2021Article
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- In silico characterisation of stand-alone response regulators of Streptococcus pyogenes.PloS one · 2020Article
- Molecular Epidemiology, Ecology, and Evolution of Group A Streptococci.Microbiology spectrum · 2018Review
- In silico characterisation of the two-component system regulators of Streptococcus pyogenes.PloS one · 2018Article
- Towards developing a vaccine for rheumatic heart disease.Global cardiology science & practice · 2017Review
- Differences in SpeB protease activity among group A streptococci associated with superficial, invasive, and autoimmune disease.PloS one · 2017Article
- Immunization with a streptococcal multiple-epitope recombinant protein protects mice against invasive group A streptococcal infection.PloS one · 2017Article
- Direct Host Plasminogen Binding to Bacterial Surface M-protein in Pattern D Strains of Streptococcus pyogenes Is Required for Activation by Its Natural Coinherited SK2b Protein.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2015Article
- Streptococcus pyogenes emm Types and Clusters during a 7-Year Period (2007 to 2013) in Pharyngeal and Nonpharyngeal Pediatric Isolates.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2015Article
- Molecular epidemiology and genomics of group A Streptococcus.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2015Review
- Horizontal gene transfer and recombination in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Article
- Population genomics: an investigative tool for epidemics.The American journal of pathology · 2012Article
- Whole-genome association study on tissue tropism phenotypes in group A Streptococcus.Journal of bacteriology · 2011Article
- Population biology of Gram-positive pathogens: high-risk clones for dissemination of antibiotic resistance.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2011Review
- Tissue tropisms in group A streptococcal infections.Future microbiology · 2010Review
- Subtyping of emm1 group A Streptococci causing invasive infections in France.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe M type-specific surface protein antigens encoded by the 5' end of emm genes are targets of protective host immunity and attractive vaccine candidates against infection by Streptococcus pyogenes, a global human pathogen. A history of genetic change in emm was evaluated for a worldwide collection of > 500 S. pyogenes isolates that were defined for genetic background by multilocus sequence typing of housekeeping genes.
resultsOrganisms were categorized by genotypes that roughly correspond to throat specialists, skin specialists, and generalists often recovered from infections at either tissue site. Recovery of distant clones sharing the same emm type was approximately 4-fold higher for skin specialists and generalists, as compared to throat specialists. Importantly, emm type was often a poor marker for clone. Recovery of clones that underwent recombinational replacement with a new emm type was most evident for the throat and skin specialists. The average ratio of nonsynonymous substitutions per nonsynonymous site (Ka) and synonymous substitutions per synonymous site (Ks) was 4.9, 1.5 and 1.3 for emm types of the throat specialist, skin specialist and generalist groups, respectively.
conclusionData indicate that the relationships between emm type and genetic background differ among the three host tissue-related groups, and that the selection pressures acting on emm appear to be strongest for the throat specialists. Since positive selection is likely due in part to a protective host immune response, the findings may have important implications for vaccine design and vaccination strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.