ReviewThe American journal of pathology2008
Pathology, molecular biology, and pathogenesis of avian influenza A (H5N1) infection in humans.
Review in The American journal of pathology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 150 papers.
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Who cites it
150 citing papers in PubMed, 316 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tropism of avian influenza A (H5N1) virus to mesenchymal stem cells and CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Outbreak of H9N2 avian influenza viruses in lesser rhea in Peru, June-July 2025.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Efficient replication of influenza D virus in the human airway underscores zoonotic potential.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Review
- Generation of an Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Alveolar Type II In Vitro Model to Study Influenza A Virus Infection and Drug Treatments.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Efficient replication of influenza D virus in the human airway underscores zoonotic potential.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Avian influenza virus H5N1 and H9N2 subtypes in different birds and humans: Findings from an extensive evaluation.Open veterinary journal · 2026Review
- Sociodemographic characteristics that impact southeastern US consumers' awareness and concern about highly pathogenic avian influenza in dairy products.JDS communications · 2025Article
- Lung cell fates during influenza.Cell research · 2025Review
- Influenza infection of the mammary gland.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Update on Ophthalmic Implications of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Long-term efficacy of an inactivated H5N1 whole-particle influenza vaccine in nonhuman primates.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b genotype B3.13 is highly virulent for mice, rapidly causing acute pulmonary and neurologic disease.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Mechanisms underlying the mitigating action of Maxing Shigan Decoction in acute lung injury caused by influenza virus based on UPLC-HRMS analysis and network pharmacology.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Preparedness, prevention and control related to zoonotic avian influenza.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
- HA N193D substitution in the HPAI H5N1 virus alters receptor binding affinity and enhances virulence in mammalian hosts.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Avian influenza in birds: Insights from a comprehensive review.Veterinary world · 2024Review
- Defining the balance between optimal immunity and immunopathology in influenza virus infection.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus outbreak in Peru in 2022-2023.Infectious medicine · 2024Article
- Article
90 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
H5N1 avian influenza is a highly fatal infectious disease that could cause a potentially devastating pandemic if the H5N1 virus mutates into a form that spreads efficiently among humans. Recent findings have led to a basic understanding of cell and organ histopathology caused by the H5N1 virus. Here we review the pathology of H5N1 avian influenza reported in postmortem and clinical studies and discuss the key pathogenetic mechanisms. Specifically, the virus infects isolated pulmonary epithelial cells and causes diffuse alveolar damage and hemorrhage in the lungs of infected patients. In addition, the virus may infect other organs, including the trachea, the intestines, and the brain, and it may penetrate the placental barrier and infect the fetus. Dysregulation of cytokines and chemokines is likely to be one of the key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of H5N1 influenza. We also review the various molecular determinants of increased pathogenicity that have been identified in recent years and the role of avian and human influenza virus receptors in relation to the transmissibility of the H5N1 virus. A comprehensive appreciation of H5N1 influenza pathogenetic mechanisms should aid in the design of effective strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this emerging disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.