ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2008
Human bocavirus: passenger or pathogen in acute respiratory tract infections?
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
157 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 303 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Tracking the occurrence and fate of human bocavirus 2 in municipal wastewater from a small city.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and lagged climatic drivers of pediatric viral lower respiratory tract infections in Tianjin, China (2023-2025).Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Human bocavirus: As an emerging respiratory pathogen.World journal of virology · 2025Review
- Twenty years of human bocavirus research: from an unculturable virus of unclear pathogenicity to a culturable human pathogen and gene therapy vector candidate.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Collateral Damage in the Placenta during Viral Infection in Pregnancy: A Possible Mechanism for Vertical Transmission and an Adverse Pregnancy Outcome.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Analysis of a Cohort of 165 Pediatric Patients with Human Bocavirus Infection and Comparison between Mono-Infection and Respiratory Co-Infections: A Retrospective Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Clinical and molecular characterization of children and adults with respiratory bocavirus infection in Mexico: a cross-sectional nested study within the ILI002 prospective observational study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Article
- Human Bocavirus in Childhood: A True Respiratory Pathogen or a "Passenger" Virus? A Comprehensive Review.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Emerging evidence of microbial infection in causing systematic immune vasculitis in Kawasaki disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- The small nonstructural protein NP1 of human bocavirus 1 directly interacts with Ku70 and RPA70 and facilitates viral DNA replication.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Clinical manifestations and outcome of viral acute lower respiratory infection in hospitalised children in Myanmar.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- The Large Nonstructural Protein (NS1) of Human Bocavirus 1 Directly Interacts with Ku70, Which Plays an Important Role in Virus Replication in Human Airway Epithelia.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Clinical Characterization of Bocavirus Infection in a Specialized Children's Hospital in Saudi Arabia.Cureus · 2022Article
- Human bocavirus 2 detected in Rattus norvegicus feces in China.Archives of virology · 2022Article
- Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of human bocavirus infection in children hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infection in Qingdao, China.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Human bocavirus 1 is a genuine pathogen for acute respiratory tract infection in pediatric patients determined by nucleic acid, antigen, and serology tests.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Role of Human Bocavirus Respiratory Tract Infection in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a newly identified virus tentatively assigned to the family Parvoviridae, subfamily Parvovirinae, genus Bocavirus. HBoV was first described in 2005 and has since been detected in respiratory tract secretions worldwide. Herein we review the literature on HBoV and discuss the biology and potential clinical impact of this virus. Most studies have been PCR based and performed on patients with acute respiratory symptoms, from whom HBoV was detected in 2 to 19% of the samples. HBoV-positive samples have been derived mainly from infants and young children. HBoV DNA has also been detected in the blood of patients with respiratory tract infection and in fecal samples of patients with diarrhea with or without concomitant respiratory symptoms. A characteristic feature of HBoV studies is the high frequency of coinciding detections, or codetections, with other viruses. Available data nevertheless indicate a statistical association between HBoV and acute respiratory tract disease. We present a model incorporating these somewhat contradictory findings and suggest that primary HBoV infection causes respiratory tract symptoms which can be followed by prolonged low-level virus shedding in the respiratory tract. Detection of the virus in this phase will be facilitated by other infections, either simply via increased sample cell count or via reactivation of HBoV, leading to an increased detection frequency of HBoV during other virus infections. We conclude that the majority of available HBoV studies are limited by the sole use of PCR diagnostics on respiratory tract secretions, addressing virus prevalence but not disease association. The ability to detect primary infection through the development of improved diagnostic methods will be of great importance for future studies seeking to assign a role for HBoV in causing respiratory illnesses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.