Trial reportDiabetes care2008
Retinol-binding protein 4 and insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metformin and Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills in the Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Pooled it
- Metformin versus the combined oral contraceptive pill for hirsutism, acne, and menstrual pattern in polycystic ovary syndrome.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Relationship Between Adipose Tissue and Liver Dysfunction in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Metabolic Syndrome.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Dickkopf1 as a Potential Biomarker in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Insulin Resistance: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Metformin use in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Opportunities, benefits, and clinical challenges.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Vitamin A homeostasis and cardiometabolic disease in humans: lost in translation?Journal of molecular endocrinology · 2022Review
- Article
- Effects of oral contraceptives on metabolic parameters in adult premenopausal women: a meta-analysis.Endocrine connections · 2020Article
- Retinol, Retinoic Acid, and Retinol-Binding Protein 4 are Differentially Associated with Cardiovascular Disease, Type 2 Diabetes, and Obesity: An Overview of Human Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Review
- Serum retinol-binding protein 4 levels in polycystic ovary syndrome.Endocrine connections · 2019Article
- Article
- The effect of moderate endurance training on gastrocnemius retinol-binding protein 4 and insulin resistance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Interventional medicine & applied science · 2018Article
- New markers of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2017Review
- Circulating Zinc-α2-glycoprotein levels and Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Smoking accelerates pancreatic cancer progression by promoting differentiation of MDSCs and inducing HB-EGF expression in macrophages.Oncogene · 2015Article
- Plasma retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels and risk of coronary heart disease: a prospective analysis among women in the nurses' health study.Circulation · 2013Article
- Metabolic manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome in nonobese adolescents: retinol-binding protein 4 and ectopic fat deposition.Fertility and sterility · 2012 · on this mapArticle
- RBP4 variants are significantly associated with plasma RBP4 levels and hypertriglyceridemia risk in Chinese Hans.Journal of lipid research · 2009Article
- Study of Omentin1 and Other Adipokines and Hormones in PCOS Patients.Oman medical journal · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an insulin-resistant state with insulin resistance being an established therapeutic target; however, measurement of insulin resistance remains challenging. We aimed to 1) determine serum retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels (purported to reflect insulin resistance) in women with PCOS and control subjects, 2) examine the relationship of RBP4 to conventional markers of insulin resistance, and 3) examine RBP4 changes with interventions modulating insulin resistance in overweight women with PCOS. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsAt baseline, 38 overweight women (BMI >27 kg/m(2)) with PCOS and 17 weight-matched control subjects were compared. Women with PCOS were then randomly assigned to 6 months of a higher-dose oral contraceptive pill (OCP) (35 microg ethinyl estradiol/2 mg cyproterone acetate) or metformin (1 g b.i.d.). Outcome measures were insulin resistance (total insulin area under the curve) on an oral glucose tolerance test, RBP4, and metabolic/inflammatory markers.
resultsOverweight women with PCOS were more insulin resistant than control subjects, yet RBP4 levels were not different in women with PCOS versus those in control subjects (35.4 +/- 4.3 vs. 28.9 +/- 3.1 microg/ml, P = 0.36). RBP4 correlated with cholesterol and triglycerides but not with insulin resistance. Metformin improved insulin resistance by 35%, whereas the OCP worsened insulin resistance by 33%. However, RBP4 increased nonsignificantly in both groups (43.7 +/- 6.3 vs. 42.6 +/- 5.5 microg/ml, P = 0.92).
conclusionsOverweight women with PCOS were more insulin resistant than control subjects, but this finding was not reflected by RBP4 levels. RBP4 correlated with lipid levels but not with insulin resistance markers. RBP4 levels did not change when insulin resistance was reduced by metformin or increased by the OCP. These data suggest that RBP4 is not a useful marker of insulin resistance in PCOS but may reflect other metabolic features of this condition.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.