Trial reportThe American journal of psychiatry2008
Initial phase 2 trial of a nicotinic agonist in schizophrenia.
Trial report in The American journal of psychiatry, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 194 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Nicotinic Receptors and Schizophrenia: Phase II
Phase I Nicotinic Agonist Treatment Trial for Autism
Who cites it
194 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 421 citations in OpenAlex.
- Memantine for the Treatment of Primary Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Clinical drug investigation · 2025Pooled it
- Cognitive Enhancers in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Alpha-7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists for Cognitive Deficits and Negative Symptoms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Alpha-7 nicotinic agonists for cognitive deficits in neuropsychiatric disorders: A translational meta-analysis of rodent and human studies.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2017Pooled it
- One-day tropisetron treatment improves cognitive deficits and P50 inhibition deficits in schizophrenia.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2020Trial
- Evaluation of the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of BI 409306, a Novel Phosphodiesterase 9 Inhibitor, in Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Trial.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2019Trial
- Altered brainstem responses to modafinil in schizophrenia: implications for adjunctive treatment of cognition.Translational psychiatry · 2018Trial
- Pharmacokinetic Limitations on Effects of an Alpha7-Nicotinic Receptor Agonist in Schizophrenia: Randomized Trial with an Extended-Release Formulation.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- A Randomized Clinical Trial of Oxytocin or Galantamine for the Treatment of Negative Symptoms and Cognitive Impairments in People With Schizophrenia.Journal of clinical psychopharmacology · 2017Trial
- Brief Report: Initial Trial of Alpha7-Nicotinic Receptor Stimulation in Two Adult Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2016Trial
- Task-related fMRI responses to a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist in schizophrenia: A randomized trial.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2016Trial
- The α7 Nicotinic Agonist ABT-126 in the Treatment of Cognitive Impairment Associated with Schizophrenia in Nonsmokers: Results from a Randomized Controlled Phase 2b Study.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2016Trial
- Phase 2 Trial of an Alpha-7 Nicotinic Receptor Agonist (TC-5619) in Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2016Trial
- Neuronal effects of nicotine during auditory selective attention in schizophrenia.Human brain mapping · 2016Trial
- AQW051, a novel, potent and selective α7 nicotinic ACh receptor partial agonist: pharmacological characterization and phase I evaluation.British journal of pharmacology · 2015Trial
- Human brain imaging of α7 nAChR with [(18)F]ASEM: a new PET radiotracer for neuropsychiatry and determination of drug occupancy.Molecular imaging and biology · 2014Trial
- A randomized, placebo-controlled study investigating the nicotinic α7 agonist, RG3487, for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2014Trial
- The nicotinergic receptor as a target for cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia: barking up the wrong tree?Psychopharmacology · 2014Trial
- Targeting alpha-7 nicotinic neurotransmission in schizophrenia: a novel agonist strategy.Schizophrenia research · 2013Trial
- A randomized exploratory trial of an α-7 nicotinic receptor agonist (TC-5619) for cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2013Trial
- Insular and anterior cingulate circuits in smokers with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2012Trial
134 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
18 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveNicotinic acetylcholine receptors are possible therapeutic targets for schizophrenia, as shown by neurobiological and molecular evidence for deficiencies in expression of alpha(7)-nicotinic receptors. Patients' heavy smoking suggests attempted self-medication through this mechanism. The agent 3-(2,4-dimethoxybenzylidene) anabaseine (DMXB-A) is a partial alpha(7)-nicotinic agonist and can be taken orally. A phase 1 trial showed evidence for cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia.
methodThirty-one subjects with schizophrenia received DMXB-A at two different doses and placebo for periods of 4 weeks in a three-arm, two-site, double-blind, crossover phase 2 trial. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery assessed cognitive effects, and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) assessed clinical effects. Subjects continued their current antipsychotic drug during the trial and were nonsmokers.
resultsThere were no significant differences in the MATRICS cognitive measures between DMXB-A and placebo over the three treatment arms, but the patients experienced significant improvement at the higher DMXB-A dose on the SANS total score and nearly significant improvement on the BPRS total score. Improvement was most notable on the SANS anhedonia and alogia subscales. Examination of the first treatment arm showed effects of DMXB-A on the attention/vigilance and working memory MATRICS domains, compared to baseline. Five subjects developed mild tremor, and nearly half had mild nausea while taking DMXB-A.
conclusionDMXB-A, a nicotinic agonist that activates alpha(7)-nicotinic receptors, improved clinical ratings of negative symptoms that are generally resistant to treatment with dopamine antagonist antipsychotic drugs. The clinical utility of this treatment is not yet determined.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.