ArticleJournal of neuroscience methods2008
Effects of veratridine and high potassium on micro-opioid receptor internalization in the rat spinal cord: stimulation of opioid release versus inhibition of internalization.
Article in Journal of neuroscience methods, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuropeptide Y release in the rat spinal cord measured with Y1 receptor internalization is increased after nerve injury.Neuropharmacology · 2019Article
- Opioid receptor internalization contributes to dermorphin-mediated antinociception.Neuroscience · 2010Article
- Acute inflammation induces segmental, bilateral, supraspinally mediated opioid release in the rat spinal cord, as measured by mu-opioid receptor internalization.Neuroscience · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Veratridine and high K+-induced micro-opioid receptor (MOR) internalization in rat spinal cord slices by evoking opioid release. Veratridine induced up to 75% MOR internalization but showed an atypical concentration-response: its effect increased steeply from 5 microM to 10 microM, and declined thereafter to disappear at 100 microM. At 100 microM, veratridine also inhibited of MOR internalization induced by exogenous endomorphin-2. This inhibition was caused by Na+ entry, since the Na+ ionophore monensin (50 microM) also inhibited endomorphin-induced MOR internalization. In contrast, veratridine induced neurokinin 1 receptor internalization (by evoking substance P release) without any inhibition at high concentrations. KCl evoked up to 80% MOR internalization, which disappeared in the presence of lidocaine or in the absence of peptidase inhibitors, indicating that it involved neuronal firing and peptide release. Unlike veratridine, KCl did not inhibit MOR internalization at high concentrations. However, both KCl and veratridine evoked more MOR internalization when applied for 2 min than for 20 min because of a direct inhibition of MOR internalization with the longer incubation times. These results show that short incubations with 20 microM veratridine or 30 mM KCl are optimal stimuli to evoke opioid release and MOR internalization in the spinal cord.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.