ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2008
Mechanism and kinetics of pore formation in membranes by water-soluble amphipathic peptides.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
112 citing papers in PubMed.
- The multiple sclerosis drug fingolimod induces pore-like membrane defects, contributing to its antimicrobial activity.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Instant Membrane Stabilization by Damage-Triggered Actin Polymerization in Giant Unilamellar Vesicles.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Article
- Concentration-Dependent Anticancer Effects of Melittin-Functionalized Nanomaterials.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multiple Sclerosis Drug Fingolimod Exhibits Antibacterial Activity through Bacterial Membrane Permeabilization.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mechano-regulation of cancer cell memory in tumor progression and therapy.Mechanobiology in medicine · 2026Review
- Cholesterol Affects the Pore Formation and the Membrane-Membrane Interaction Induced by an Antimicrobial Peptide, NK-2, in Phospholipid Vesicles.The Journal of membrane biology · 2025Article
- The Pseudomonas aeruginosa Tse4 toxin assembles ion-selective and voltage-sensitive ion channels to couple membrane depolarisation with K+ efflux.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The Role of Flexibility in the Bioactivity of Short α-Helical Antimicrobial Peptides.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Exploring the dynamics of a single vesicle induced by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles using micropipette manipulation.PloS one · 2025Article
- Innovative Strategies and Methodologies in Antimicrobial Peptide Design.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2024Review
- Melittin can permeabilize membranes via large transient pores.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Antibacterial and Hemolytic Activity of Antimicrobial Hydrogels Utilizing Immobilized Antimicrobial Peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The Functionality of Membrane-Inserting Proteins and Peptides: Curvature Sensing, Generation, and Pore Formation.The Journal of membrane biology · 2023Review
- Modeling selectivity of antimicrobial peptides: how it depends on the presence of host cells and cell density.RSC advances · 2023Article
- Interaction of βInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Visualizing the membrane disruption action of antimicrobial peptides by cryo-electron tomography.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Application of Molecular Dynamics Simulations to Determine Interactions between Canary Seed (International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- A Frame-by-Frame Glance at Membrane Fusion Mechanisms: From Viral Infections to Fertilization.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Peptide-Based Nanoparticles for Systemic Extrahepatic Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleotides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
How antimicrobial peptides form pores in membranes is of interest as a fundamental membrane process. However, the underlying molecular mechanism, which has potential applications in therapeutics, nonviral gene transfer, and drug delivery, has been in dispute. We have resolved this mechanism by observing the time-dependent process of pore formation in individual giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) exposed to a melittin solution. An individual GUV first expanded its surface area at constant volume and then suddenly reversed to expanding its volume at constant area. The area expansion, the volume expansion, and the point of reversal all match the results of equilibrium measurements performed on peptide-lipid mixtures. The mechanism includes a negative feedback that makes peptide-induced pores stable with a well defined size, contrary to the suggestion that peptides disintegrate the membrane in a detergent-like manner.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.