ReviewFrontiers in neuroendocrinology2008
Progesterone receptors: form and function in brain.
Review in Frontiers in neuroendocrinology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 305 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
305 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 674 citations in OpenAlex.
- Perspectives on Concurrent Strength and Endurance Training in Healthy Adult Females: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Pooled it
- Hormonal contraceptives and the brain: A systematic review on 60 years of neuroimaging, EEG, and biochemical studies in humans and animals.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Adverse Effects of Levonorgestrel Emergency Oral Contraceptive.Clinical drug investigation · 2020Pooled it
- The effects of intermittent escitalopram treatment on impulsivity and inattention in women with premenstrual irritability and anger.Psychological medicine · 2025Trial
- New Pharmacological Approaches to the Management of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder.CNS drugs · 2023Trial
- Brain reactivity during aggressive response in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder treated with a selective progesterone receptor modulator.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Trial
- Hormonal Cycle and Contraceptive Effects on Amygdala and Salience Resting-State Networks in Women with Previous Affective Side Effects on the Pill.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- Cognitive effects of estradiol after menopause: A randomized trial of the timing hypothesis.Neurology · 2016Trial
- Effects of progesterone and vitamin D on outcome of patients with acute traumatic spinal cord injury; a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2016Trial
- Mapping Brain Spatial Metabolic Atlas Reveals Anesthesia-Induced Region-Specific Alterations.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Gender bias in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease.Research square · 2026Article
- Adolescent Hormonal Contraceptive Use in the Context of Brain Development and Depression Risk: A Review and Considerations for Future Research.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Review
- Review
- Affective Sensitivity to Ovarian Steroid Hormone Flux Across the Menstrual Cycle: Manifestations and Biopsychosocial Risk Factors.Annual review of clinical psychology · 2026Review
- Sex Differences in the Effects of Etonogestrel on Respiratory Recovery in an In Vivo Rat Model of Central Chemoreflex Impairment.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Sex differences in event-related potentials and their clinical predictive value in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Pubertal Hormones and the Early Adolescent Female Brain: A Multimodality Brain MRI Study.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Progesterone Receptor Expression in the Human Enteric Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Differences in verbal memory, visuospatial ability and cognitive inhibition among young women using drospirenone and ethinyl oestradiol oral contraceptives versus naturally cycling controls.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2026Article
- Hippocampal tissue mechanics are sensitive to fluctuations in oestrogen across the rat oestrous cycle.Brain communications · 2026Article
245 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Emerging data indicate that progesterone has multiple non-reproductive functions in the central nervous system to regulate cognition, mood, inflammation, mitochondrial function, neurogenesis and regeneration, myelination and recovery from traumatic brain injury. Progesterone-regulated neural responses are mediated by an array of progesterone receptors (PR) that include the classic nuclear PRA and PRB receptors and splice variants of each, the seven transmembrane domain 7TMPRbeta and the membrane-associated 25-Dx PR (PGRMC1). These PRs induce classic regulation of gene expression while also transducing signaling cascades that originate at the cell membrane and ultimately activate transcription factors. Remarkably, PRs are broadly expressed throughout the brain and can be detected in every neural cell type. The distribution of PRs beyond hypothalamic borders, suggests a much broader role of progesterone in regulating neural function. Despite the large body of evidence regarding progesterone regulation of reproductive behaviors and estrogen-inducible responses as well as effects of progesterone metabolite neurosteroids, much remains to be discovered regarding the functional outcomes resulting from activation of the complex array of PRs in brain by gonadally and/or glial derived progesterone. Moreover, the impact of clinically used progestogens and developing selective PR modulators for targeted outcomes in brain is a critical avenue of investigation as the non-reproductive functions of PRs have far-reaching implications for hormone therapy to maintain neurological health and function throughout menopausal aging.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.