Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18372098›Full record

ArticleEuropean urology2009

Molecular mechanisms related to parturition-induced stress urinary incontinence.

Guiting Lin, Alan W Shindel, Lia Banie, Donna Deng, Guifang Wang, Narihiko Hayashi, Ching-Shwun Lin, Tom F Lue

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European urology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

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  20. Effects of multiple simulated birth traumas on urethral continence function in rats.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2017
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Guiting LinDepartment of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. glin@urology.ucsf.edu
Alan W Shindel
Lia Banie
Donna Deng
Guifang Wang
Narihiko Hayashi
Ching-Shwun Lin
Tom F Lue
University of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Urinary Incontinence: Reproductive/Hormonal Risk FactorsP50DK064538 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI BROWN, JEANETTE S · 2002 to 2011
$11.5M
Mechanism and Prevention of Female Stress Urinary IncontinenceR01DK069655 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI LUE, TOM F · 2005 to 2013
$3.1M
MOLECULAR MECHANISM FEMALE STRESS URINARY INCONTINENCER01DK051374 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO · PI LUE, TOM F · 1999 to 2002
$913k
NIDDK NIH HHS P50 DK064538NIDDK NIH HHS P50 DK64538NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK051374NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK069655
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe molecular mechanisms underlying stress urinary incontinence (SUI) at the tissue level are poorly understood.

objectiveTo study genetic and molecular alterations in the urethras of animals with experimentally induced SUI. DESIGN, SETTING, AND

participantsCohort analysis of primiparous 2-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats with experimentally induced SUI versus those who did not develop SUI in a university research laboratory setting.

interventionRats underwent intravaginal balloon dilation within 24 hours of parturition followed by bilateral ovariectomy one week later. Transvesical cystometry was performed 12 weeks after parturition. Rats were classified as continent (C) or incontinent (I) according to the results of cystometry. MEASUREMENTS: The expression of over 22,000 genes in urethral tissue from the two groups was assessed with the use of an oligo microarray. The expression of relevant genes was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression of small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 (Smad2), one of the differentially expressed genes, was extensively studied by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. Regulation of Smad2 activity by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) was assessed in cultured urethral smooth muscle cells (USMCs). RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: After intervention, 14 (58.3%) rats remained continent and 10 (41.7%) became incontinent. There were significant differences in the expression of 42 urethral genes between continent and incontinent rats. The expression of genes involved in the TGF cellular signaling pathway (Smad2), collagen breakdown (matrix metalloproteinase 13 [Mmp13]), and smooth muscle inhibition (regulator of G-protein signaling 2 [Rgs2]) was significantly increased in the incontinent group. SMAD2 protein expression was significantly upregulated in the incontinent rats. In cultured USMCs, SMAD2 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation increased after Tgf-beta treatment.

conclusionsGenes important in inflammation, collagen breakdown, and smooth muscle inhibition are upregulated in the urethras of female rats with parturition-associated incontinence.

Indexed as

AnimalsBlotting, WesternDisease Models, AnimalFemaleGene Expression RegulationImmunohistochemistryMolecular BiologyMyocytes, Smooth MuscleParturitionPregnancyPregnancy, AnimalProbabilityProtein Array AnalysisRandom AllocationRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySmad2 ProteinSMAD2 protein, humanTransforming Growth Factor beta

Identifiers

PMID18372098
PMCPMC3001389
OpenAlexW2042800923

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.