ArticleBlood2008
Iron depletion limits intracellular bacterial growth in macrophages.
Article in Blood, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04333550 (Application of Iron Chelator), which is not on this map. Cited by 118 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Application of Iron Chelator (Desferal) to Reduce the Severity of COVID-19 Manifestations
Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 210 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Parasite maturation and host serum iron influence the labile iron pool of erythrocyte stage Plasmodium falciparum.British journal of haematology · 2013Trial
- A novel approach to improving solubility of drugs: chelation-assisted solubility enhancement (CHASE).Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Article
- Parenteral iron-Does it increase infection risk?Vox sanguinis · 2026Review
- Chlamydia trachomatis orchestrates multifaceted host cell manipulation for immune evasion.Communications biology · 2026Review
- Serum iron is associated with the prognosis in sepsis based on a large-scale database.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics ofFrontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Influence of Physicochemical Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Their Antibacterial Activity.ACS omega · 2024Review
- Dietary Iron Is Necessary to Support Proliferative Regeneration after Intestinal Injury.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Bone marrow stromal cell-derived hepcidin has antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Advances in Ferritin Physiology and Possible Implications in Bacterial Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Understanding How Minerals Contribute to Optimal Immune Function.Journal of immunology research · 2023Review
- Modified Fluoroquinolones as Antimicrobial Compounds TargetingInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- In vivo growth of Staphylococcus lugdunensis is facilitated by the concerted function of heme and non-heme iron acquisition mechanisms.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2022Article
- Melatonin Regulates Iron Homeostasis by Inducing Hepcidin Expression in Hepatocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Lysosomal iron recycling in mouse macrophages is dependent upon both LcytB and Steap3 reductases.Blood advances · 2022Article
- Iron in airway macrophages and infective exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Respiratory research · 2022Article
- Ferroptosis: A mixed blessing for infectious diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many intracellular pathogens infect macrophages and these pathogens require iron for growth. Here we demonstrate in vitro that the intracellular growth of Chlamydia psittaci, trachomatis, and Legionella pneumophila is regulated by the levels of intracellular iron. Macrophages that express cell surface ferroportin, the only known cellular iron exporter, limit the intracellular growth of these bacteria. Hepcidin is an antimicrobial peptide secreted by the liver in response to inflammation. Hepcidin binds to ferroportin mediating its internalization and degradation. Addition of hepcidin to infected macrophages enhanced the intracellular growth of these pathogens. Macrophages from flatiron mice, a strain heterozygous for a loss-of-function ferroportin mutation, showed enhanced intracellular bacterial growth independent of the presence of exogenous hepcidin. Macrophages, from wild-type or flatiron mice, incubated with the oral iron chelator deferriprone or desferasirox showed reduced intracellular bacterial growth suggesting that these chelators might be therapeutic in chronic intracellular bacterial infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.