Trial reportNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2009
Pharmacologically induced hypogonadism and sexual function in healthy young women and men.
Trial report in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Characterizing the Neural Substrates of Irritability in Women: an Experimental Neuroendocrine Model
Ovarian Hormones, Reward Response, and Binge Eating in Bulimia Nervosa: An Experimental Design
A Mechanistic Examination of Continuous Cycle Oral Contractive Administration in Binge Eating
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- The testobolome in microbial testosterone metabolism and human health.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
- Seminal vesicles - an overlooked pair of accessory glands in male sexual dysfunction: a narrative review.International journal of impotence research · 2025Review
- Individual Differences in Testosterone and Self-Control Predict Compulsive Sexual Behavior Proneness in Young Males.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Modeling Human Sexual Motivation in Rodents: Some Caveats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2019Article
- Androgen Deprivation Alters Attention to Sexually Provocative Visual Stimuli in Elderly Men.Sexual medicine · 2017Article
- The Effect of Targeted Therapy for Genitourinary Malignancies on Sexual Function and Fertility.Current urology reports · 2017Review
- The pathophysiology of delayed ejaculation.Translational andrology and urology · 2016Review
- Gender Preference in the Sexual Attractions, Fantasies, and Relationships of Voluntarily Castrated Men.Sexual medicine · 2016Article
- Sex differences in visuospatial abilities persist during induced hypogonadism.Neuropsychologia · 2016Article
- Menopausal Symptoms and Their Management.Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America · 2015Review
- Environmental exposure to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate is associated with low interest in sexual activity in premenopausal women.Hormones and behavior · 2014Article
- A systematic review of the correlates and management of nonpremature ejaculatory dysfunction in heterosexual men.Therapeutic advances in urology · 2013Article
- Effects of pharmacologically induced hypogonadism on mood and behavior in healthy young women.The American journal of psychiatry · 2013Article
- The emergence of gonadal hormone influences on dopaminergic function during puberty.Hormones and behavior · 2010Review
- Sex hormones and mood in the perimenopause.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2009Review
- Estrogen, menopause, and the aging brain: how basic neuroscience can inform hormone therapy in women.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2006Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Studies fail to find uniform effects of age-related or induced hypogonadism on human sexual function. We examined the effects of induced hypogonadism on sexual function in healthy men and women and attempted to identify predictors of the sexual response to induced hypogonadism or hormone addback. The study design used was a double-blind, controlled, crossover (self-as-own control). The study setting was an ambulatory care clinic in a research hospital, and the participants were 20 men (average+/-SD age=28.5+/-6.2 years) and 20 women (average+/-SD age=33.5+/-8.7 years), all healthy and with no history of psychiatric illness. A multidimensional scale assessing several domains of sexual function was the main outcome measure. Participants of the study received depot leuprolide acetate (Lupron) every 4 weeks for 3 months (men) or 5 months (women). After the first month of Lupron alone, men received (in addition to Lupron) testosterone enanthate (200 mg intramuscularly) or placebo every 2 weeks for 1 month each. Women received Lupron alone for 2 months, and then, in addition to Lupron, they received estradiol and progesterone for 5 weeks each. The results of the study: in women, hypogonadism resulted in a significant decrease in global measures of sexual functioning, principally reflecting a significant decrease in the reported quality of orgasm. In men, hypogonadism resulted in significant reductions in all measured domains of sexual function. Testosterone restored sexual functioning scores in men to those seen at baseline, whereas neither estradiol nor progesterone significantly improved the reduced sexual functioning associated with hypogonadism in women. Induced hypogonadism decreased sexual function in a similar number of men and women. No predictors of response were identified except for levels of sexual function at baseline. In conclusion, our data do not support a simple deficiency model for the role of gonadal steroids in human sexual function; moreover, while variable, the role of testosterone in sexual function in men is more apparent than that of estradiol or progesterone in women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.