ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2008
Optimizing screening for acute human immunodeficiency virus infection with pooled nucleic acid amplification tests.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review of Pooling Sputum as an Efficient Method for Xpert MTB/RIF Tuberculosis Testing during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Emerging infectious diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Improved HIV-1 Viral Load Monitoring Capacity Using Pooled Testing With Marker-Assisted Deconvolution.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Pooled it
- Implementation of pooled testing to increase access to routine viral load monitoring for people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Bayesian Additive Regression Trees for Group Testing Data.Statistics in medicine · 2025Article
- Estimating the prevalence of two or more diseases using outcomes from multiplex group testing.Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift · 2023Article
- Implementation of large-scale pooled testing to increase rapid molecular diagnostic test coverage for tuberculosis: a retrospective evaluation.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Seasonal Patterns in the Frequency ofInsects · 2023Article
- Multicenter study evaluating novel multi-specimen pooling assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2: High sensitivity and high throughput testing.Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi · 2022Article
- Article
- Evaluation of conventional and point-of-care real-time RT-PCR tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 through a pooled testing strategy.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Article
- Generalized additive regression for group testing data.Biostatistics (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Application of dried blood spot sample pooling strategies for Plasmodium 18S rRNA biomarker testing to facilitate identification of infected persons in large-scale epidemiological studies.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Prediction-driven pooled testing methods: Application to HIV treatment monitoring in Rakai, Uganda.Statistics in medicine · 2021Article
- Efficient and effective single-step screening of individual samples for SARS-CoV-2 RNA using multi-dimensional pooling and Bayesian inference.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2021Article
- To Contact Tracing... and Beyond!Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Group Testing for SARS-CoV-2 Allows for Up to 10-Fold Efficiency Increase Across Realistic Scenarios and Testing Strategies.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Modelling pool testing for SARS-CoV-2: addressing heterogeneity in populations.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- Optimization of group size in pool testing strategy for SARS-CoV-2: A simple mathematical model.Journal of medical virology · 2020Article
- Group Testing for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome- Coronavirus 2 to Enable Rapid Scale-up of Testing and Real-Time Surveillance of Incidence.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Array testing for multiplex assays.Biostatistics (Oxford, England) · 2020Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent studies have shown the public health importance of identifying individuals with acute human immunodeficiency virus infection (AHI); however, the cost of nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) makes individual testing of at-risk individuals prohibitively expensive in many settings. Pooled NAAT (or group testing) can improve efficiency and test performance of testing for AHI, but optimizing the pooling algorithm can be difficult. We developed simple, flexible biostatistical models of specimen pooling with NAAT for the identification of AHI cases; these models incorporate group testing theory, operating characteristics of biological assays, and a model of viral dynamics during AHI. Pooling algorithm sensitivity, efficiency (test kits used per individual specimen evaluated), and positive predictive value (PPV) were modeled and compared for three simple pooling algorithms: two-stage minipools (D2), three-stage hierarchical pools (D3), and square arrays with master pools (A2m). We confirmed the results by stochastic simulation and produced reference tables and a Web calculator to facilitate pooling by investigators without specific biostatistical expertise. All three pooling strategies demonstrated improved efficiency and PPV for AHI case detection compared to individual NAAT. D3 and A2m algorithms generally provided better efficiency and PPV than D2; additionally, A2m generally exhibited better PPV than D3. Used selectively and carefully, the simple models developed here can guide the selection of a pooling algorithm for the detection of AHI cases in a wide variety of settings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.