ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2008
Infections with immunogenic trypanosomes reduce tsetse reproductive fitness: potential impact of different parasite strains on vector population structure.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- PGRP-LA regulates peritrophic matrix synthesis and influences trypanosome infection outcomes in tsetse flies.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Spiroplasma endosymbiont reduction of host lipid synthesis and Stomoxyn-like peptide contribute to trypanosome resistance in the tsetse fly Glossina fuscipes.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Article
- Pathogen-Mediated Alterations of Insect Chemical Communication: From Pheromones to Behavior.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A volatile sex attractant of tsetse flies.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Warm Blood Meal Increases Digestion Rate and Milk Protein Production to Maximize Reproductive Output for the Tsetse Fly,Insects · 2022Article
- Scaling effects of temperature on parasitism from individuals to populations.The Journal of animal ecology · 2022Review
- The Tsetse Metabolic Gambit: Living on Blood by Relying on Symbionts Demands Synchronization.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Infection with endosymbiotic Spiroplasma disrupts tsetse (Glossina fuscipes fuscipes) metabolic and reproductive homeostasis.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- The holobiont transcriptome of teneral tsetse fly species of varying vector competence.BMC genomics · 2021Article
- Non-immune Traits Triggered by Blood Intake Impact Vectorial Competence.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Exposure of Anopheles mosquitoes to trypanosomes reduces reproductive fitness and enhances susceptibility to Plasmodium.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Natural infection by the protozoan Leptomonas wallacei impacts the morphology, physiology, reproduction, and lifespan of the insect Oncopeltus fasciatus.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Article
- Rapid autophagic regression of the milk gland during involution is critical for maximizing tsetse viviparous reproductive output.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Unravelling the relationship between the tsetse fly and its obligate symbiontProceedings. Biological sciences · 2017Article
- What is a vector?Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2017Review
- Grandeur Alliances: Symbiont Metabolic Integration and Obligate Arthropod Hematophagy.Trends in parasitology · 2016Review
- Adenotrophic viviparity in tsetse flies: potential for population control and as an insect model for lactation.Annual review of entomology · 2015Review
- Trypanosoma Infection Rates in Glossina Species in Mtito Andei Division, Makueni County, Kenya.Journal of parasitology research · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The parasite Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and its insect vector Glossina morsitans morsitans were used to evaluate the effect of parasite clearance (resistance) as well as the cost of midgut infections on tsetse host fitness. Tsetse flies are viviparous and have a low reproductive capacity, giving birth to only 6-8 progeny during their lifetime. Thus, small perturbations to their reproductive fitness can have a major impact on population densities. We measured the fecundity (number of larval progeny deposited) and mortality in parasite-resistant tsetse females and untreated controls and found no differences. There was, however, a typanosome-specific impact on midgut infections. Infections with an immunogenic parasite line that resulted in prolonged activation of the tsetse immune system delayed intrauterine larval development resulting in the production of fewer progeny over the fly's lifetime. In contrast, parasitism with a second line that failed to activate the immune system did not impose a fecundity cost. Coinfections favored the establishment of the immunogenic parasites in the midgut. We show that a decrease in the synthesis of Glossina Milk gland protein (GmmMgp), a major female accessory gland protein associated with larvagenesis, likely contributed to the reproductive lag observed in infected flies. Mathematical analysis of our empirical results indicated that infection with the immunogenic trypanosomes reduced tsetse fecundity by 30% relative to infections with the non-immunogenic strain. We estimate that a moderate infection prevalence of about 26% with immunogenic parasites has the potential to reduce tsetse populations. Potential repercussions for vector population growth, parasite-host coevolution, and disease prevalence are discussed.
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