ArticleBiomacromolecules2008
Wheat germ agglutinin functionalized complexation hydrogels for oral insulin delivery.
Article in Biomacromolecules, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification and Validation of Cyclic Peptides with Mucin-Selective, Location-Specific Binding in the Gastrointestinal Tract.ACS nano · 2025Article
- Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA): Its Nature, Biological Role, Significance in Human Nutrition, and Possibility to Be Used as Marker of Whole-Grain Status in Wheat-Based Foods.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Advances in Nanomedicine for Precision Insulin Delivery.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- PEGylated insulin loaded complexation hydrogels for protected oral delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2023Article
- Recent Advancements in the Development of Nanocarriers for Mucosal Drug Delivery Systems to Control Oral Absorption.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Mucus interaction to improve gastrointestinal retention and pharmacokinetics of orally administered nano-drug delivery systems.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Review
- Drug Delivery System in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Review
- Re-evaluating the importance of carbohydrates as regenerative biomaterials.Regenerative biomaterials · 2019Review
- Designing the new generation of intelligent biocompatible carriers for protein and peptide delivery.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2018Review
- Recent advances in hemophilia B therapy.Drug delivery and translational research · 2017Review
- Conjugation of Lectin to Poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-glycopolymer Micelles for In Vitro Intravesical Drug Delivery.Polymers · 2016Article
- Stimuli-Responsive Delivery of Therapeutics for Diabetes Treatment.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2016Article
- Design of pH-Responsive Biomaterials to Enable the Oral Route of Hematological Factor IX.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2016Article
- pH-responsive and enzymatically-responsive hydrogel microparticles for the oral delivery of therapeutic proteins: Effects of protein size, crosslinking density, and hydrogel degradation on protein delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2016Article
- Micro/nanofabricated platforms for oral drug delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2015Review
- Hybrid responsive hydrogel carriers for oral delivery of low molecular weight therapeutic agents.Journal of drug delivery science and technology · 2015Article
- Complexation Hydrogels as Oral Delivery Vehicles of Therapeutic Antibodies: An in Vitro and ex Vivo Evaluation of Antibody Stability and Bioactivity.Industrial & engineering chemistry research · 2015Article
- Stimulus-responsive hydrogels: Theory, modern advances, and applications.Materials science & engineering. R, Reports : a review journal · 2015Article
- Overcoming the challenges in administering biopharmaceuticals: formulation and delivery strategies.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2014Review
- Surface-modified P(HEMA-co-MAA) nanogel carriers for oral vaccine delivery: design, characterization, and in vitro targeting evaluation.Biomacromolecules · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Insulin was loaded into hydrogel microparticles after two hours with loading efficiencies greater than 70% for both poly(methacrylic acid-grafted-ethylene glycol) (P(MAA-g-EG)) and poly(methacrylic acid-grafted-ethylene glycol) functionalized with wheat germ agglutinin (P(MAA-g-EG) WGA). The pH-responsive release results demonstrated that the pH shift from the stomach to the small intestine can be used as a physiologic trigger to release insulin from P(MAA-g-EG) and P(MAA-g-EG) WGA microparticles, thus limiting release of insulin into the acidic environment of the stomach. Microplates were successfully treated with PGM to create a surface that allowed for specific binding between mucins and lectins. The 1% PGM treatment followed by a 2 h BSA blocking step gave the most consistent results when incubated with F-WGA. In addition, the PGM-treated microplates were shown to create specific interactions between F-WGA and the PGM by use of a competitive carbohydrate. The 1% PGM treated microplates were also used to show that adhesion was improved in the P(MAA-g-EG) WGA microparticles over the P(MAA-g-EG) microparticles. The interaction between the PGM-treated microplate and P(MAA-g-EG) WGA was again shown to be specific by adding a competitive carbohydrate, while the interaction between P(MAA-g-EG) and the PGM-treated microplate was nonspecific. Cellular monolayers were used as another method for demonstrating that the functionalized microparticles increase adhesion over the nonfunctionalized microparticles. This work has focused on improving the mucoadhesive nature of P(MAA-g-EG) by functionalizing these hydrogel carriers with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) to create a specific mucosal interaction and then evaluating the potential of these carriers as oral insulin delivery systems by in vitro methods. From these studies, it is concluded that the addition of the WGA on the microparticles produces a specific adhesion to carbohydrate-containing surfaces and that P(MAA-g-EG) WGA shows great promise as an oral insulin delivery system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.