ReviewWorld journal of surgery2008
Do benign thyroid nodules have malignant potential? An evidence-based review.
Review in World journal of surgery, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Environmental Air Pollution and Thyroid Cancer and Nodules: A Systematic Review.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association of benign thyroid diseases with thyroid cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2019Pooled it
- Radiofrequency ablation for treatment of benign thyroid nodules: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes.Medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Five-year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial of total thyroidectomy versus Dunhill operation versus bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy for multinodular nontoxic goiter.World journal of surgery · 2010Trial
- Evaluating the association between pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, serum TSH levels, and the prevalence of thyroid nodules in a Persian adult cohort: a cross-sectional study.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Mendelian Randomization Study Investigating Multiple Exposures and Outcomes: Focusing on Nontoxic Goitre and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Clinical endocrinology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and predictors of thyroid nodules among adults: analyzing the association with metabolic syndrome in a cross-sectional study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- EIF1AX mutation in thyroid nodules: a histopathologic analysis of 56 cases in the context of institutional practices.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2024Article
- Complexity of diagnosis and management of a giant thyroid nodule: A case report and a concise literature.Narra J · 2023Article
- A new paradigm for epidermal growth factor receptor expression exists in PTC and NIFTP regulated by microRNAs.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Article
- RFA and benign thyroid nodules: Review of the current literature.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2021Review
- Adrenal metastasis as the initial diagnosis of synchronous papillary and follicular thyroid cancer.Clinical diabetes and endocrinology · 2020Article
- Utility of a multigene testing for preoperative evaluation of indeterminate thyroid nodules: A prospective blinded single center study in China.Cancer medicine · 2020Article
- Efficacy of Microwave Ablation in the Treatment of Large (≥3 cm) Benign Thyroid Nodules.World journal of surgery · 2020Article
- Epidemiologic, Clinical, Ultrasonographic, and Cytological Features of Thyroid Nodules in Predicting Malignancy Risk: A Retrospective Study of 442 French Afro-Caribbean Patients.International journal of endocrinology · 2020Article
- Radiofrequency Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules: 1-Year Follow-Up in 184 Patients.World journal of surgery · 2019Article
- Incidence of and Risk Factors for Histologically Confirmed Solid Benign Tumors Among Long-term Survivors of Childhood Cancer.JAMA oncology · 2019Article
- Association of obesity and diabetes with thyroid nodules.Endocrine · 2018Observational
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBenign thyroid tumors account for most nodular thyroid disease. Determination of whether a thyroid nodule is benign or malignant is a major clinical dilemma and underlies the decision to proceed to surgery in many patients. Although the accuracy of thyroid nodule fine-needle aspiration (FNA) has reduced the need for surgery over the years, questions regarding how to follow FNA-designated benign nodules remain unresolved. This is true at least in part because of uncertainty over whether some benign nodules harbor malignant potential.
methodsAn evidence-based review of recent clinical, pathologic, and molecular data is presented. A summary of data and observations from our own experience is also provided.
resultsReview of our recent 10-year experience indicates that 2% of thyroid malignancies arise within a preexisting benign thyroid nodule. In addition, both cytologic and molecular tumor markers, including Gal-3, CITED1, HBME-1, Ras, RET/PTC, and PAX8/PPAR gamma, have been identified in some histopathologically classified benign nodules. Gene expression profiling suggests that follicular adenomas and Hürthle cell adenomas have similarities to both benign and malignant tumors, suggesting that some of these tumors are premalignant. In addition, 10% of surgically excised follicular tumors are encapsulated follicular lesions with nuclear atypia, which have been termed "well-differentiated tumors of uncertain malignant potential." The data available suggest that these tumors could be precursors to carcinoma.
conclusionSome benign thyroid nodules have malignant potential. Further molecular testing of these tumors can shed light on the pathogenesis of early malignant transformation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.