ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2008
Botzinger expiratory-augmenting neurons and the parafacial respiratory group.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
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- An update on spinal cord injury and diaphragm neuromotor control.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2025Review
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- Afferent and Efferent Connections of the Postinspiratory Complex (PiCo) Revealed by AAV and Monosynaptic Rabies Viral Tracing.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2024Article
- Inhibitory control of active expiration by the Bötzinger complex in rats.The Journal of physiology · 2020Article
- Optogenetic analysis of respiratory neuronal networks in the ventral medulla of neonatal rats producing channelrhodopsin in Phox2b-positive cells.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2019Article
- Trpm4 ion channels in pre-Bötzinger complex interneurons are essential for breathing motor pattern but not rhythm.PLoS biology · 2019Article
- Carotid Bodies and the Integrated Cardiorespiratory Response to Hypoxia.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Review
- Breathing matters.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2018Review
- The Consequences of Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis on Brainstem Respiratory Centers: Implications for Neurochemical Development and Altered Functions by Inflammation and Prostaglandins.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2018Review
- Computational models of the neural control of breathing.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Systems biology and medicine · 2017Review
- Generation of active expiration by serotoninergic mechanisms of the ventral medulla of rats.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2016Article
- Respiratory and autonomic dysfunction in congenital central hypoventilation syndrome.Journal of neurophysiology · 2016Review
- Article
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- Circuits in the Ventral Medulla That Phase-Lock Motoneurons for Coordinated Sniffing and Whisking.Neural plasticity · 2016Review
- Deficiency of GABAergic synaptic inhibition in the Kölliker-Fuse area underlies respiratory dysrhythmia in a mouse model of Rett syndrome.The Journal of physiology · 2016Article
- Defining inhibitory neurone function in respiratory circuits: opportunities with optogenetics?The Journal of physiology · 2015Review
- Electrophysiological properties of laryngeal motoneurones in rats submitted to chronic intermittent hypoxia.The Journal of physiology · 2015Article
- Role of parafacial nuclei in control of breathing in adult rats.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In neonatal rat brains in vitro, the rostral ventral respiratory column (rVRC) contains neurons that burst just before the phrenic nerve discharge (PND) and rebound after inspiration (pre-I neurons). These neurons, called parafacial respiratory group (pfRG), have been interpreted as a master inspiratory oscillator, an expiratory rhythm generator or simply as neonatal precursors of retrotrapezoid (RTN) chemoreceptor neurons. pfRG neurons have not been identified in adults, and their phenotype is unknown. Here, we confirm that the rVRC normally lacks pre-I neurons in adult anesthetized rats. However, we show that, during hypercapnic hypoxia, a population of rVRC expiratory-augmenting (E-AUG) neurons consistently develops a pre-I discharge. These cells reside in the Bötzinger region of the rVRC, they express glycine-transporter-2, and their axons arborize throughout the VRC. Hypoxia triggers an identical pre-I pattern in retroambigual expiratory bulbospinal neurons, but this pattern is not elicited in Bötzinger expiratory-decrementing neurons, Bötzinger inspiratory neurons, RTN neurons, and blood pressure-regulating neurons. In conclusion, under hypoxia in vivo, abdominal expiratory premotor neurons of adult rats develop a pre-I pattern reminiscent of that observed in neonate brainstems in vitro. In the rVRC of adult rats, pre-I cells include selected rhythmogenic neurons (glycinergic Bötzinger neurons) but not RTN chemoreceptors. We suggest that the pfRG may not be an independent rhythm generator but a heterogeneous collection of E-AUG neurons (glycinergic Bötzinger neurons, possibly facial motor and premotor neurons), the discharge of which becomes preinspiratory under specific experimental conditions resulting from, in part, a prolonged and intensified activity of postinspiratory neurons.
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