ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2008
Shewanella secretes flavins that mediate extracellular electron transfer.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 425 papers.
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Who cites it
425 citing papers in PubMed, 1,908 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Conjugated Polymer-Microbe Interactions Trigger Regulatory Reprogramming for Enhanced Bioelectrocatalysis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Cellulose-fueled extracellular electron transfer in termite gut microbes.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
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- Community Interactions and Extracellular Riboflavin Are Associated with Oral Biofilm-Mediated Medical Stainless Steel Corrosion.Microorganisms · 2026Article
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- Multi-Omics Reveal Extracellular Electron Transfer Mechanism Under Deep-Sea High Salinity.Environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Electrode-free bioelectrochemical intercalation for scalable lithium recovery.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Metabolic Flux Analysis Reveals Entner-Doudoroff Pathway Dominance in Heterotrophic Deep-Sea Bacterial Isolates.Environmental microbiology reports · 2026Article
- Extracellular electron transfer in cable bacteria enables growth rates comparable to aerobic respiration.Nature communications · 2026Article
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- Ultrastructural and atomic characterization of biofilm-associated extracellular filaments in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The extreme halophilic archaeonJournal of bacteriology · 2026Article
- Review
365 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacteria able to transfer electrons to metals are key agents in biogeochemical metal cycling, subsurface bioremediation, and corrosion processes. More recently, these bacteria have gained attention as the transfer of electrons from the cell surface to conductive materials can be used in multiple applications. In this work, we adapted electrochemical techniques to probe intact biofilms of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and Shewanella sp. MR-4 grown by using a poised electrode as an electron acceptor. This approach detected redox-active molecules within biofilms, which were involved in electron transfer to the electrode. A combination of methods identified a mixture of riboflavin and riboflavin-5'-phosphate in supernatants from biofilm reactors, with riboflavin representing the dominant component during sustained incubations (>72 h). Removal of riboflavin from biofilms reduced the rate of electron transfer to electrodes by >70%, consistent with a role as a soluble redox shuttle carrying electrons from the cell surface to external acceptors. Differential pulse voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry revealed a layer of flavins adsorbed to electrodes, even after soluble components were removed, especially in older biofilms. Riboflavin adsorbed quickly to other surfaces of geochemical interest, such as Fe(III) and Mn(IV) oxy(hydr)oxides. This in situ demonstration of flavin production, and sequestration at surfaces, requires the paradigm of soluble redox shuttles in geochemistry to be adjusted to include binding and modification of surfaces. Moreover, the known ability of isoalloxazine rings to act as metal chelators, along with their electron shuttling capacity, suggests that extracellular respiration of minerals by Shewanella is more complex than originally conceived.
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