ReviewCellular immunology
Neuroendocrine hormones such as growth hormone and prolactin are integral members of the immunological cytokine network.
Review in Cellular immunology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of growth hormone (GH) deficiency and GH replacement upon thymus function in adult patients.PloS one · 2009Trial
- The Participation of Prolactin in the Immunopathology of Experimental Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Neuroimmunomodulation · 2026Article
- Neurotransmitters: promising immune modulators in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Dual Characters of GH-IGF1 Signaling Pathways in Radiotherapy and Post-radiotherapy Repair of Cancers.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Repurposing prolactin as a promising immunomodulator for the treatment of COVID-19: Are common Antiemetics the wonder drug to fight coronavirus?Medical hypotheses · 2020Article
- The effects of growth hormone on therapy resistance in cancer.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2019Article
- Potential Roles of Peripheral Dopamine in Tumor Immunity.Journal of Cancer · 2017Review
- Thymus: the next (re)generation.Immunological reviews · 2016Review
- Interaction of the endocrine system with inflammation: a function of energy and volume regulation.Arthritis research & therapy · 2014Review
- Metabolic and hormonal signatures in pre-manifest and manifest Huntington's disease patients.Frontiers in physiology · 2014Article
- Neurotransmitters as regulators of tumor angiogenesis and immunity: the role of catecholamines.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2013Review
- The immune system and developmental programming of brain and behavior.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2012Review
- Patterns of ancestry, signatures of natural selection, and genetic association with stature in Western African pygmies.PLoS genetics · 2012Article
- Identification of ghrelin receptor blocker, D-[Lys3] GHRP-6 as a CXCR4 receptor antagonist.International journal of biological sciences · 2012Article
- Prolactin and autoimmunity.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2011Review
- Rejuvenation of the aging thymus: growth hormone-mediated and ghrelin-mediated signaling pathways.Current opinion in pharmacology · 2010Review
- Preliminary Evidence of Increased Pain and Elevated Cytokines in Fibromyalgia Patients with Defective Growth Hormone Response to Exercise.The open immunology journal · 2010Article
- Article
- Infection, immunity and the neuroendocrine response.Veterinary immunology and immunopathology · 2009Review
- Role of neuropeptides, hormones, and growth factors in regulating thymopoiesis in middle to old age.F1000 biology reports · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neuroendocrine hormones such as growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) have been demonstrated to accelerate the recovery of the immune response after chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation and to enhance the restoration of immunity in individuals infected with HIV and in normal individuals with compromised immune systems associated with aging. As the mechanism of action of these hormones has been elucidated, it has become clear that they are integral members of the immunological cytokine/chemokine network and share regulatory mechanisms with a wide variety of cytokines and chemokines. The members of this cytokine network induce and can be regulated by members of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family of intracellular proteins. In order to take advantage of the potential beneficial effects of hormones such as GH or PRL, it is essential to take into consideration the overall cytokine network and the regulatory effects of SOCS proteins.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.