ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2008
Effects of carbon dioxide on neurotoxin gene expression in nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum Type E.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Tetanus Toxin Synthesis is Under the Control of A Complex Network of Regulatory Genes inToxins · 2020Article
- Pan-Genomic Analysis ofToxins · 2020Article
- Inactivation of non-proteolytic Clostridium botulinum type E in low-acid foods and phosphate buffer by heat and pressure.PloS one · 2018Article
- Emergence of Leuconostoc mesenteroides as a causative agent of oozing in carrots stored under non-ventilated conditions.Microbial biotechnology · 2017Article
- Non-linear pressure/temperature-dependence of high pressure thermal inactivation of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum type B in foods.PloS one · 2017Article
- An Integrative Approach to Computational Modelling of the Gene Regulatory Network Controlling Clostridium botulinum Type A1 Toxin Production.PLoS computational biology · 2016Article
- New Elements To Consider When Modeling the Hazards Associated with Botulinum Neurotoxin in Food.Journal of bacteriology · 2016Review
- The pattern of growth observed for Clostridium botulinum type A1 strain ATCC 19397 is influenced by nutritional status and quorum sensing: a modelling perspective.Pathogens and disease · 2015Article
- High pressure thermal inactivation of Clostridium botulinum type E endospores - kinetic modeling and mechanistic insights.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Article
- Botulism outbreaks in natural environments - an update.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Review
- Modified Atmosphere Packaging Technology of Fresh and Fresh-cut Produce and the Microbial Consequences-A Review.Food and bioprocess technology · 2013Review
- Two-component systems are involved in the regulation of botulinum neurotoxin synthesis in Clostridium botulinum type A strain Hall.PloS one · 2012Article
- Acetic acid increases the phage-encoded enterotoxin A expression in Staphylococcus aureus.BMC microbiology · 2010Article
- Effects of carbon dioxide on growth of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum, its ability to produce neurotoxin, and its transcriptome.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2010Article
- Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR analysis reveals stable and prolonged neurotoxin cluster gene activity in a Clostridium botulinum type E strain at refrigeration temperature.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Carbon dioxide is an antimicrobial gas commonly used in modified atmosphere packaging. In the present study, the effects of carbon dioxide on the growth of and neurotoxin production by nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum type E were studied during the growth cycle. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to quantify expression of the type E botulinum neurotoxin gene (cntE) and the formation of type E neurotoxin. The expression levels of cntE were similar in two strains, with relative expression peaking in the transition between exponential phase and stationary phase. In stationary phase, cntE mRNA expression declined rapidly. The cntE mRNA half-life was calculated to be approximately 9 minutes. Neurotoxin formation occurred in late exponential phase and stationary phase. High carbon dioxide concentrations delayed growth by increasing the lag time and decreasing the maximum growth rate. The effects of carbon dioxide concentration on relative neurotoxin gene expression and neurotoxin formation were significant. Expression of cntE mRNA and the formation of extracellular neurotoxin were twofold higher with a headspace carbon dioxide concentration of 70% (vol/vol) compared to 10% (vol/vol). This finding sheds a new, cautionary light on the potential risks of botulism associated with the use of modified atmosphere packaging.
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