ArticlePlant molecular biology2008
Gene expression, cellular localisation and function of glutamine synthetase isozymes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
Article in Plant molecular biology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers.
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Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 185 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional characterization of PpGS2 promoter in response to hormonal and environmental signals in Kentucky bluegrass.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Genome-wide association study, linkage mapping and transcriptomic analysis reveal candidate genes associated with nitrogen use efficiency in wheat.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2025Article
- Applying traditional and machine learning-based GWAS approaches for marker-trait identification in wheat.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Physiological, molecular, and environmental insights into plant nitrogen uptake, and metabolism under abiotic stresses.The plant genome · 2024Review
- Article
- Nitrogen fertilizer application rate affects the dynamic metabolism of nitrogen and carbohydrates in kernels of waxy maize.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- The Role of Glutamine Synthetase (GS) and Glutamate Synthase (GOGAT) in the Improvement of Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereals.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Genetic Localization and Homologous Genes Mining for Barley Grain Size.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Development and marker-trait relationships of functional markers for glutamine synthetaseMolecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement · 2023Article
- The intermediate in a nitrate-responsive ω-amidase pathway in plants may signal ammonium assimilation status.Plant physiology · 2023Article
- Association mapping reveals novel genes and genomic regions controlling grain size architecture in mini core accessions of Indian National Genebank wheat germplasm collection.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Identification of the glutamine synthetase (GS) gene family in four wheat species and functional analysis of Ta4D.GSe in Arabidopsis thaliana.Plant molecular biology · 2022Article
- Genetics of the Inverse Relationship between Grain Yield and Grain Protein Content in Common Wheat.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Wheat glutamine synthetase TaGSr-4B is a candidate gene for a QTL of thousand grain weight on chromosome 4B.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2022Article
- Genetic Control of Efficient Nitrogen Use for High Yield and Grain Protein Concentration in Wheat: A Review.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Consensus genomic regions associated with grain protein content in hexaploid and tetraploid wheat.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Is the NHFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Genetic Diversity in Nitrogen Fertiliser Responses and N Gas Emission in Modern Wheat.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Dissection of the Genetic Architecture for Quantities of Gliadins Fractions in Wheat (Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- The Dynamics of NO3- and NH4+ Uptake in Duckweed Are Coordinated with the Expression of Major Nitrogen Assimilation Genes.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We present the first cloning and study of glutamine synthetase (GS) genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Based on sequence analysis, phylogenetic studies and mapping data, ten GS sequences were classified into four sub-families: GS2 (a, b and c), GS1 (a, b and c), GSr (1 and 2) and GSe (1 and 2). Phylogenetic analysis showed that the wheat GS sub-families together with the GS genes from other monocotyledonous species form four distinct clades. Immunolocalisation studies in leaves, stems and rachis in plants at flowering showed GS protein to be present in parenchyma, phloem companion and perifascicular sheath cells. In situ localisation confirmed that GS1 transcripts were present in the perifascicular sheath cells whilst those for GSr were confined to the vascular cells. Studies of the expression and protein profiles showed that all GS sub-families were differentially expressed in the leaves, peduncle, glumes and roots. Expression of GS genes in leaves was developmentally regulated, with both GS2 and GS1 assimilating or recycling ammonia in leaves during the period of grain development and filling. During leaf senescence the cytosolic isozymes, GS1 and GSr, were the predominant forms, suggesting major roles in assimilating ammonia during the critical phases of remobilisation of nitrogen to the grain. A preliminary analysis of three different wheat genotypes showed that the ratio of leaf GS2 protein to GS1 protein was variable. Use of this genetic variation should inform future efforts to modulate this enzyme for pre-breeding efforts to improve nitrogen use in wheat.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.