ArticleJournal of virology2008
Adenovirus E3/19K promotes evasion of NK cell recognition by intracellular sequestration of the NKG2D ligands major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related proteins A and B.
Article in Journal of virology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- One virus-many strategies: type-specific interactions between human adenoviruses and innate immunity.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Natural killer cells against viral infection: from basic biology to immunotherapy.Precision clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Integrating oncolytic adenoviruses into combination cancer therapy: Mechanisms, advances and clinical outlook.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Potency-enhancing mutations in E3-19K and i-leader increase the cytolytic activity of the PH20/Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Adenoviral E3/49K: CD45-targeted immune evasion and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Selective decoupling of IgG1 binding to viral Fc receptors restores antibody-mediated NK cell activation against HCMV.Cell reports · 2025Article
- A comprehensive review redefining viruses as therapeutic agents in cancer treatment.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- A novel GM-CSF-encoding oncolytic adenovirus induces profound autophagy and promotes viral replication to enhance anti-tumor efficacy.Cancer gene therapy · 2025Article
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- Research progress on human adenovirus sepsis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Article
- HCMV-secreted glycoprotein gpUL4 inhibits TRAIL-mediated apoptosis and NK cell activation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- CLPTM1L is a GPI-anchoring pathway component targeted by HCMV.The Journal of cell biology · 2023Article
- ADCC-activating antibodies correlate with decreased risk of congenital human cytomegalovirus transmission.JCI insight · 2023Article
- Development of Oncolytic Vectors Based on Human Adenovirus Type 6 for Cancer Treatment.Viruses · 2023Article
- Modulation of MHC and MHC-Like Molecules by Varicella Zoster Virus.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2023Review
- Suppression of MR1 by human cytomegalovirus inhibits MAIT cell activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Oncolytic Adenovirus, a New Treatment Strategy for Prostate Cancer.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The adenovirus (Ad) early transcription unit 3 (E3) encodes multiple immunosubversive functions that are presumed to facilitate the establishment and persistence of infection. Indeed, the capacity of E3/19K to inhibit transport of HLA class I (HLA-I) to the cell surface, thereby preventing peptide presentation to CD8(+) T cells, has long been recognized as a paradigm for viral immune evasion. However, HLA-I downregulation has the potential to render Ad-infected cells vulnerable to natural killer (NK) cell recognition. Furthermore, expression of the immediate-early Ad gene E1A is associated with efficient induction of ligands for the key NK cell-activating receptor NKG2D. Here we show that while infection with wild-type Ad enhances synthesis of the NKG2D ligands, major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related proteins A and B (MICA and MICB), their expression on the cell surface is actively suppressed. Both MICA and MICB are retained within the endoplasmic reticulum as immature endoglycosidase H-sensitive forms. By analyzing a range of cell lines and viruses carrying mutated versions of the E3 gene region, E3/19K was identified as the gene responsible for this activity. The structural requirements within E3/19K necessary to sequester MICA/B and HLA-I are similar. In functional assays, deletion of E3/19K rendered Ad-infected cells more sensitive to NK cell recognition. We report the first NK evasion function in the Adenoviridae and describe a novel function for E3/19K. Thus, E3/19K has a dual function: inhibition of T-cell recognition and NK cell activation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.