Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18278984›Full record

ReviewSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2008

Describing and understanding pacing strategies during athletic competition.

Chris R Abbiss, Paul B Laursen

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 231 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
231citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

231 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pacing in Swimming: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018
    Pooled it
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Effect of different pacing strategies on 4-km cycling time trial performance.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2023
    Trial
  11. Effects of a 4-week high-intensity interval training on pacing during 5-km running trial.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2017
    Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Observational

171 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Chris R AbbissSchool of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 100 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia. c.abbiss@ecu.edu.au
Paul B Laursen

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

It is widely recognized that an athlete's 'pacing strategy', or how an athlete distributes work and energy throughout an exercise task, can have a significant impact on performance. By applying mathematical modelling (i.e. power/velocity and force/time relationships) to athletic performances, coaches and researchers have observed a variety of pacing strategies. These include the negative, all-out, positive, even, parabolic-shaped and variable pacing strategies. Research suggests that extremely short-duration events (< or =30 seconds) may benefit from an explosive 'all-out' strategy, whereas during prolonged events (>2 minutes), performance times may be improved if athletes distribute their pace more evenly. Knowledge pertaining to optimal pacing strategies during middle-distance (1.5-2 minutes) and ultra-endurance (>4 hours) events is currently lacking. However, evidence suggests that during these events well trained athletes tend to adopt a positive pacing strategy, whereby after peak speed is reached, the athlete progressively slows. The underlying mechanisms influencing the regulation of pace during exercise are currently unclear. It has been suggested, however, that self-selected exercise intensity is regulated within the brain based on a complex algorithm involving peripheral sensory feedback and the anticipated workload remaining. Furthermore, it seems that the rate and capacity limitations of anaerobic and aerobic energy supply/utilization are particularly influential in dictating the optimal pacing strategy during exercise. This article outlines the various pacing profiles that have previously been observed and discusses possible factors influencing the self-selection of such strategies.

Indexed as

Energy MetabolismExerciseHumansSports

Identifiers

PMID18278984

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.